KEVIN R. MACDERMOTT, C&EN WASHINGTON

The Petroleum Research Fund Trust dissolved in January. The 56-year-old trust fund's dismantling wasn't nearly as tragic as it sounds, however. Rebuilt as an endowment and renamed the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund, the new ACS PRF is now poised to make an even larger contribution to science.

NOW SHOWING Types Of ACS PRF Grants Available For 2002 AC--Grants to academic institutions for regularly appointed faculty scientists to assist advanced scientific education and fundamental research in areas appropriate to support by PRF. (Up to $40,000 per year for two or three years.) B--Grants to academic institutions on behalf of faculty members in departments not offering a doctoral degree to support their research, with participation by undergraduates. (Up to $50,000 for three years.) G--Starter grants to assist the research of young faculty members with Ph.D. degrees who are within their first three years of appointment as regular faculty members of colleges and universities in the U.S. (Up to $35,000 for two years.) SE--For projects designed to enhance "advanced scientific education and fundamental research in the 'petroleum field.' " Most awards provide partial funding for foreign speakers at major symposia in the U.S. or Canada. ($3,600 maximum per symposium.) PRF also offers Summer Research Supplements for AC, B, and G grants. ($8,000)

Established in 1944, ACS PRF is charged with funding "advanced scientific education and fundamental research in the petroleum field," which it has been doing since 1954, when it approved its first grants. Grants are given exclusively to nonprofit institutions for petroleum-related research in a variety of fields and disciplines. Between 1954 and the end of 2001, the organization will have given nearly 14,000 grants, totaling roughly $350 million. ACS PRF's income is completely self-generated, and no ACS money is used for administrative costs or grant payouts.

IN JANUARY, PRF trustee Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York transferred the fund's assets, valued at roughly $538 million, to ACS in the form of an endowment.

"With the dissolution of the PRF trust and the transfer of assets to ACS, the society becomes responsible for the management of the assets, and we continue to fulfill our traditional role as income recipient," ACS Treasurer Brian A. Bernstein says. ACS is now responsible for selecting the investment manager and custodian, among other responsibilities.

"The purposes for which these funds may be used," he emphasizes, "are unchanged under the new management."

PRF was born of an oil company. In the early 1930s, Universal Oil Products (UOP) led the field with pioneering technology in petroleum distillation. One of UOP's most notable technologies was that of thermal cracking, known as the Dubbs process, in which extreme heat and pressure were used to break up hydrocarbons and produce gasoline. UOP profited greatly by selling licenses for Dubbs-based crude- and gas-oil cracking units.

Realizing early the commercial potential of UOP's technology, as well as the opportunity to reduce the costs associated with using it, seven oil companies--Phillips Petroleum Co., Shell Oil Co., Standard Oil Co. of California, Standard Oil Co. of Indiana, Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, Texas Co., and N. V. de Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij--banded together to buy UOP in 1931 and profited well from their purchase.

The seven owners shared their patents through a system of "cross-licensing," and the practice drew serious scrutiny by those who considered it a violation of antitrust laws. By the early 1940s, UOP and its owners braced for legal battles.

Ironically, it was a war that spared UOP its fight. According to Lawrence A. Funke, ACS PRF program director, the federal government suspended its antitrust litigation against UOP when it realized that the company's high-octane gasoline and aviation fuel were necessary to keep the Allied forces' tanks rolling and planes flying during World War II.

When the war began to wind down and when it looked as if the federal government would resume its litigation against UOP, the company's owners decided it was time to act, Funke explains. They planned to avoid or reduce their legal troubles by giving their security holdings in UOP to ACS as a charitable donation. ACS, however, didn't want any arrangement that would give it direct ownership of the company.

An agreement was reached in October 1944 between the seven owner companies and Guaranty Trust to establish the Petroleum Research Fund, a charitable trust that would promote scientific and educational endeavors through funding. ACS was named as the recipient of the trust fund's net income, and Guaranty Trust would manage the assets as trustee.

The fund's income was strong enough in 1954 for the ACS Board of Directors to authorize the distribution of the first PRF grants; roughly $164,000 was awarded that first year.

In February 1959, Guaranty Trust, which by this time had become Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York through a merger with J. P. Morgan & Co., received approval from the Supreme Court of the State of New York to sell all of the UOP securities it held. The sale permitted UOP to use its future income in its own interest and gave the trust fund enough income--roughly $70 million--to invest in a diversified portfolio that would bring the earnings necessary to support its goals. Another result of the sale was the complete separation of the trust and UOP.

SINCE ITS INCEPTION, the fund has fallen under the responsibility of the ACS Board of Directors. The governing body is the standing Board Committee on Grants & Awards, its members selected by the chair of the board for one-year terms. Currently, Board Member Glenn A. Crosby, chemistry professor at Washington State University, serves as committee chair. The six members of the committee determine the types of grants and the conditions under which they will be awarded. They also approve proposals based on the recommendation of the PRF Advisory Board (PRFAB).

The advisory board is led by Sally Chapman, a chemistry professor at Barnard College in New York City. Her group reviews and recommends grant proposals to the committee and makes recommendations on program policies.

The original PRFAB had 13 members. As publicity and subsequent popularity for the grants increased, additional members were added to handle the task of evaluating growing numbers of proposals. By 1993, the roll had grown to 29 members and has remained this size since.

PRFAB reviews between 300 and 450 proposals at each of its meetings, which are held three times a year. ACS PRF offers several types of grants, each with specific requirements. Initially, it offered six types of grants, labeled A through F, but today it offers only four types.

"Interestingly," Funke says, "the one program of the original six that remains is the Type B program, which is intended to support research involving undergraduate students at departments that do not offer the doctorate degree." Although not all of the grants require it, ACS PRF has always emphasized the involvement of undergraduate students.

"Since today's undergraduates become tomorrow's graduate students, faculty members, and industrial researchers, providing research opportunities early in their scientific careers was considered beneficial," he adds.

Success rates for the grant proposals submitted for 2000 were approximately 33% for Type AC, 41% for Type B, and 36% for Type G.

The advisory board also determines what falls within the definition of "petroleum field." According to the ACS PRF trust document, the proposed research does not have to be directly related to petroleum; it needs only to provide "a basis for subsequent research directly connected with" the petroleum field. ACS PRF staff encourage applicants to contact the office to determine whether the work in question meets the selection criteria.

Applicants for ACS PRF grants do not need to be ACS members--they do not even need to be chemists. Most grants are given to chemists, but they're also given to those working in the earth sciences, chemical and materials engineering, polymers, and solid-state physics.

"Often," Funke explains, "our grants are critical in getting scientists started in new research areas. ACS PRF grants complement those of other research-funding agencies, emphasizing support for new investigators, for faculty at undergraduate institutions, and for established investigators to explore new lines of research."

There are pros and cons to ACS PRF grants, he adds: "The grants are smaller than federal grants, but our advisory board is willing to take a chance on riskier ideas. They're a good way to try out new ideas."

Before the rearrangement in January, PRF could distribute only the interest and dividend income earned from the investment portfolio for the grants program, a practice that spotlighted the fund's limitations.

In a recent ACS Comment about PRF, Chapman wrote: "In the early 1990s, financial conditions were such that the available income fell sharply even though the trust value continued to grow" (C&EN, Aug. 14, 2000, page 54).

THE RESULT, she added, was a sharp decrease in the success rate for proposals for Type AC grants, which make up the majority of the fund's payout. The decrease lasted only a few years before the income--and, thus, the success rate--returned to its previous level.

Now, however, ACS PRF will follow a new approach, spending a constant 5% of the fund's three-year average year-end market value each year. The consistent rate offers more security year-to-year. Bernstein explains that the payout rate, due to several market variables, was 4% of the portfolio's total value between 1994 and 1997 and only 3.5% between 1998 and 2000.

"The 5% is a better return now and is also better for the long-term health of the fund," he says.

There will also be an increase in the funding awarded. The ACS Board has authorized a grant budget for 2002 that will exceed $25 million, roughly a 39% increase over the 2001 budget of $18 million, a result of both the new payout formula and the transfer of the assets.

"The additional funds will be utilized by increasing the maximum annual amount of PRF grants by 33 to 40%; by increasing the number of three-year grants, instead of giving two-year grants almost exclusively; and by increasing the number of grants," Funke says.

The new arrangement may open new doors for ACS PRF, he says. "It may now be possible to initiate a few special programs that would support 'advanced scientific education and fundamental research related to the petroleum field' in ways that are different from the traditional PRF grants program."

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At its San Diego National Meeting, the American Chemical Society Board of Directors approved 120 ACS Petroleum Research Fund (PRF) grants, selected from 316 proposals, and 41 supplements to existing grants for Summer Research Fellowships to benefit faculty from undergraduate departments. These grants and supplements commit nearly $5.2 million of the $18.0 million authorized for 2001 grants.

The board also approved new maximum amounts that may be requested for ACS PRF grants beginning in 2002. Applicants for Type AC grants may request up to $40,000 per year for three years, an increase from $30,000 per year. Although most Type AC grants will be awarded for two years, it is expected that between 15 and 25% of the awards will be for three years. Those requesting Type B grants may now request up to $50,000 for a three-year period, while the limit for 2001 is $30,000 for two years. The value of Type G grants will increase to a total of $35,000 for two years, up from $25,000.

Proposals are currently being accepted for consideration at the October 2001 ACS PRF Advisory Board meeting, which will be the first time that applications for grants to begin in 2002 will be considered. Applications should be received by the ACS PRF office at least four months ahead of the advisory board meeting date.

For information and application materials for ACS PRF grants, contact the Petroleum Research Fund, American Chemical Society, 1155--16th St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036; phone (202) 872-4481; e-mail: prfinfo@acs.org. Information is also available on the ACS PRF website, http://www.chemistry.org/prf.

ACS PRF Grants for Advanced Scientific Education and Fundamental Research in the Petroleum Field (Type AC)

Jacques Amar, U of Toledo. Surface Morphology and Microstructure Evolution in Sputter Deposition of Thin Films. $90,000

Jose M. Arguello, Worcester Polytechnic Inst. Selectivity Determinants in Heavy-Metal Transport ATPases. $60,000

Katharina Billups, U of Delaware. A New Proxy for Neogene Sea Level History: Paired Mg/Ca and Stable-Isotope Measurements on Benthic Foraminifera. $87,125

Massimo Boninsegni, San Diego State U. H₂ Physisorption on Alkali Substrates. $60,000 

Leo Brewer, U of California, Berkeley. Prediction of Thermodynamics of Metallic Systems. $90,000

David A. Budd, U of Colorado. Retention of High-Matrix Permeability in Carbonates during Progressive Burial in a Cenozoic Carbonate Platform. $60,000

Wei-Jun Cai, U of Georgia. Carbonate Dissolution in Coastal Sediments off Texas and at the Bahamas Bank: Quantifying Fine-Scale Porewater Saturation States and Dissolution Rates. $60,000

Morton M. Denn, City U of New York, City C. Interface between a Liquid-Crystalline Polymer and a Flexible Polymer. $60,000

Hailiang Dong, Miami U. Microbial Reduction of Iron in Sedimentary Clays: Implications for Subsurface Microbial Ecology and Bioremediation. $60,000

Robert W. Field, Massachusetts Inst. of Technology. Laser Spectroscopy of Trip-let States of Small Polyatomic Molecules. $60,000

Cassandra L. Fraser, U of Virginia. Synthetic Approaches to Metal-Centered Block Copolymers for Use as Responsive Nanopatterned Materials. $90,000

John H. Frederick, U of Nevada, Reno. A Phase-Space Perspective of Quantum Dynamical Processes. $60,000

Glenn H. Fredrickson, U of California, Santa Barbara. Field-Theoretic Polymer Simulations. $60,000

C. Daniel Frisbie, U of Minnesota. Nanoprobing Electrical Transport in Organic Semiconductors and Conducting Polymers. $60,000 

J. Thomas Gerig, U of California, Santa Barbara. Solvation and Aggregation in Fluorous Phases. $60,000 

Raymond J. Gorte, U of Pennsylvania. Adsorption Studies for Acylation and Nitration Reactions in Zeolites. $60,000

Zeev Gross, Technion-Israel Inst. of Technology. Catalysis by Metal Complexes of Novel Corroles. $60,000

Benjamin W. Gung, Miami U. Study of Stereochemical Models for Addition to Carbonyl Compounds. $60,000

Gerald B. Hammond, U of Massachusetts, Dartmouth. A Fluorination Toolbox. $60,000

W. Dean Harman, U of Virginia. Development of Asymmetric Rhenium Dearomatization Reagents. $90,000

Jonathan J. L. Higdon, U of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Large-Scale Hydrodynamic Simulations of Multiphase Flows: Foams and Emulsions. $90,000

Robert R. Holmes, U of Massachusetts, Amherst. Hypervalent Cyclic Oxyphosphoranes as Catalytic Reaction Intermediates. $60,000

Susanne U. Janecke, Utah State U. Effect of Extensional Folds on the Architecture of Synrift Deposits, Grasshopper Basin, Southwest Montana. $60,000

Samantha B. Joye, U of Georgia. Biogeochemical Cycling of Methane in Methane Hydrates and Hydrate-Associated Sediments along the Continental Slope in the Gulf of Mexico. $60,000

Richard C. Larock, Iowa State U. Palladium Approaches to Tetrasubstituted Alkenes. $60,000

Jay H. Lee, Purdue U. Development of a Model Predictive Control Technique for Periodic Processes. $60,000

Stephen Lee, Cornell U. Model Hamiltonians for Intermetallics and Alloys from Density Functional and Tight-Binding Theory. $90,000

Tianquan (Tim) Lian, Emory U. Studies of Electronic Coupling Dependence in Ultrafast Interfacial Electron Transfer. $60,000

Roger F. Loring, Cornell U. Modeling Nonlinear Vibrational Spectroscopy in Liquids and Biomolecules. $90,000

Linda A. Luck, Clarkson U. Probing Dynamic Behavior of the Human Estrogen Receptor by ¹⁹F NMR. $60,000

Jules J. Magda, U of Utah. Does the First Normal Stress Difference (N₁) Exhibit a Sign Reversal at Low Shear Rates for Concentrated Colloidal Dispersions $60,000

George A. McMechan, U of Texas, Dallas. In Situ Determination of Concentration and Spatial Distribution of Gas Hydrate by Inversion of Prestack Seismic Data. $60,000

John B. Miller, Western Michigan U. Photoinduced Electron Transfer Substitution: Fundamental Studies of a Novel Reaction Pathway. $60,000

Victor Munoz, U of Maryland. A Building-Blocks Approach to Dissect the Mechanisms of Protein Folding via the Combination of Protein Design, Fast Kinetics, and Statistical Mechanical Modeling. $60,000

Daniel Neuhauser, U of California, Los Angeles. Excited Rovibrational States in Van Der Waals Clusters Using Semiclassical Dynamics with Cross-Correlation Filter-Diagonalization. $60,000

Rene M. Overney, U of Washington. Study of Submicrometer Confined Flow: From Interfacial Boundary Layers to Fuel Cells. $60,000

Howard H. Patterson, U of Maine, Orono. Metal-Metal-Bonded Exciplexes and Their Tunability for Excited-State Energy Transfer in d¹⁰ Systems. $90,000

T. V. RajanBabu, Ohio State U. Yttrium(III) Complexes as Transesterification Catalysts for Kinetic Resolution of Alcohols. $90,000

Alfred G. Redfield, Brandeis U. Protein Dynamics by NMR: Unmasking Dipolar Relaxation Using Field Cycling. $90,000

Geraldine L. Richmond, U of Oregon. Characterization of the Molecular Properties of Humic Substances Adsorbed at Liquid Surfaces. $60,000

Matthew J. Rosseinsky, U of Liverpool. Exploiting the Hydride Anion for Low-Temperature Oxide Deintercalation. $60,000

Mark L. Schlossman, U of Illinois, Chicago. Nanoscale Films at the Aqueous-Aqueous Interface. $60,000

Dan Seidov, Pennsylvania State U. Unraveling the Climate-Related Causes of Sea Level Variation Prior to the Pleistocene. $60,000

Rex E. Shepherd, U of Pittsburgh. Metal Aminocarboxylate and Peptide Complexes as Cysteine Protease or Zinc Finger Inhibitors. $60,000

Alexei A. Stuchebrukhov, U of California, Davis. Theoretical Studies of Long-Distance Electron Tunneling in Proteins: Tunneling Current Method and Many-Electron Effects. $60,000

Thanh N. Truong, U of Utah. Theoretical Studies of Dynamics of Proton Migration in Zeolites. $60,000

Arvind Varma, U of Notre Dame. Mechanisms of Combustion Wave Propagation in Low-Exothermic Heterogeneous Systems with Gaseous Products. $90,000

David C. Venerus, Illinois Inst. of Technology. Investigation of Non-Fickian Mass Diffusion in Polymer Melts Using Forced Rayleigh Scattering. $60,000

Robert A. Weiss, U of Connecticut. Structure of Hydrophobically Associating Hydrogels. $60,000

Francoise M. Winnik, U of Montreal. Polysaccharide Multicompartment Polymeric Micelles: Synthesis and Solution Properties. $90,000

Francisco Zaera, U of California, Riverside. Surface Chemistry of Chiral Catalysis. $60,000

Thomas Ziegler, U of Calgary. Density Functional Studies on Polymerization and Copolymerization Processes Catalyzed by Late-Transition-Metal Complexes. $60,000

Hans-Conrad zur Loye, U of South Carolina. Synthesis of Functionalized Organic-Inorganic Coordination Polymers. $60,000

ACS PRF Grants for Advanced Scientific Education and Fundamental Research in the Petroleum Field (Type B) Awarded to faculty in non-Ph.D.-granting departments

Jose E. Cortes-Figueroa, U of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez. Synthesis, Reactivity, Structure, and Electrochemistry of Fullerene Transition-Metal Complexes. $30,000

Jonathan H. Gutow, U of Wisconsin, Oshkosh. Optimization of Coatings Made with Metal Alkyls and Alkane Thiols on Hydroxylated Oxides. $30,000

Kristin D. Krantzman, C of Charleston. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of
the Bombardment of Organic Films on Metal Substrates with keV Clusters. $30,000

Harmon D. Maher Jr., Robert D. Shuster, U of Nebraska, Omaha. Sedimentologic and Geochemical Signature of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province in Svalbard, Norway. $29,925

Jerzy Maselko, U of Alaska, Anchorage. Patterns Formation in the Chemical Reaction-Osmotic Diffusion Systems. $30,000

Lawrence M. Pratt, Fisk U. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Lithium Bases for Enolization Reactions. $30,000

Rabindra N. Roy, Drury U. Thermodynamic Study of Electrolyte Mixtures. $30,000

Ann E. Shinnar, Barnard C. Characterization of a Vanadium-Dependent Haloperoxidase from Hagfish (Myxine glutinosa). $30,000

Hal Van Ryswyk, Harvey Mudd C. Monolayer-Based Metalloporphyrin Oligomers. $30,000

John F. Wheeler, Noel A. P. Kane-Maguire, Furman U. Cr(diimine)₃ ³⁺ Complexes as DNA Photocleavage Agents. $30,000

Claude H. Yoder, Charles D. Schaeffer Jr., Franklin & Marshall C. Pursuit of Hyper- and Hypovalent Organosilicon Using the [X(CH₂)_n]₂N–Group. $30,000

ACS PRF Grants for Advanced Scientific Education and Fundamental Research in the Petroleum Field (Type G) Awarded to faculty in Ph.D.-granting departments

Christa L. Colyer, Wake Forest U. Relative Importance of Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions between Model Proteins and Near-IR Polymethine Dyes. $25,000

Stephen L. Craig, Duke U. DNA-Based Modules for Reversible Polymerization. $25,000

Christopher Dellago, U of Rochester. Studying Protein Folding with Parallel Transition Path Sampling. $25,000

Sheryl H. Ehrman, U of Maryland. Capillary Condensation: A New Gas-Phase Route to Nanostructured Porous Catalysts. $25,000

Dmitriy I. Garagash, Clarkson U. Fluid-Driven Fractures in Rock with Large Toughness. $25,000

Scott W. Gordon-Wylie, U of Vermont. Using Semicombinatorial Methods To Achieve Catalytic Activation of H₂O₂: Synthesis, Characterization, and Screening of Target Catalysts Based on N-Bound Metallopeptide Complexes. $25,000

John-Bruce D. Green, Southern Illinois U, Carbondale. Single Molecule Synthesis Using "Living" Polymerization and Probe Microscopy. $25,000

Zhibin Guan, U of California, Irvine. Tuning Macromolecule Topology through Catalysts. $25,000

T. Brent Gunnoe, North Carolina State U. Octahedral Ruthenium(II) Amido and Ruthenium(IV) Imido Complexes: Exploration of Kinetics of Ligand Exchange and Nitrene Transfer to Olefins. $25,000

P. Shiv Halasyamani, U of Houston. New Ferroelectric SHG Materials through Cooperative Second-Order Jahn-Teller Distortions. $25,000

Frieder Jakle, Rutgers U. Polymeric Lewis Acids: Design, Synthesis, and Self-Assembly of Polymer Superstructures. $25,000

Christopher W. Jones, Georgia Inst. of Technology. Single-Site Olefin Polymerization Catalysts via the Molecular Design of Porous Silica. $25,000

Mayuresh V. Kothare, Lehigh U. Linear Matrix Inequalities in Chemical Process Control. $25,000

Cagliyan Kurdak, U of Michigan. Study of Quantum Dissipation in Superconductor-Semiconductor Hybrids Using Transresistance Measurements. $25,000

Kelvin H. Lee, Cornell U. An Environmental Proteomics Study of the Biodegradation of Organic Compounds by Mixed Cultures. $25,000

Salvatore D. Lepore, Florida Atlantic U. Manganese h²-Bond as a Solid-Phase Traceless Linker for the Expedited Synthesis of Olefins. $25,000

Leonard R. MacGillivray, U of Iowa. A General Approach to Nanoporous Solids Using Polyhedral Building Units Derived from the Solid State. $25,000

Kristopher McNeill, U of Minnesota. Mechanistic Studies of Cobalamin-Catalyzed Dehalogenation Reactions Using B₁₂ Model Complexes. $25,000

Christoph A. Naumann, Indiana U-Purdue U, Indianapolis. Ultrathin Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Films: Two-Dimensional Physical Networks of Amphiphilic Lipopolymers. $25,000

Jonas C. Peters, California Inst. of Technology. Zwitterionic Metal Complexes for Novel Reaction Chemistry. $25,000

Anne Catherine Reilly, C of William & Mary. Hard Carbon as an Active Layer in Magnetoelectronic Devices. $25,000

Antonio B. Rodriguez, U of Alabama. Relative Impacts of Climate and Sea Level on Holocene Incised Valley Fill Architecture: A Comparison of the Trinity and Mobile Incised Valleys. $25,000

Tomislav Rovis, Colorado State U. Stereoselective Catalytic Generation of Carbon-Carbon Bonds. $25,000

Devon A. Shipp, Clarkson U. Synthesis of Polymer-Silicate Nanocomposites. $25,000

Jetze J. Tepe, Michigan State U. Bioreductive Inhibition of NF-kB: Rational Design of Novel NF-kB Pro Drugs. $25,000

Gianluigi Veglia, U of Minnesota. Determination of the High-Resolution Structure of Stannin: A Novel Membrane Protein That Triggers Cell Death. $25,000

Ping Wang, U of Akron. Self-Assembling and Catalytic Behaviors of Enzyme-Polymer Conjugates at Oil-Water Interfaces. $25,000

ACS PRF Grants for Advanced Scientific Education and Fundamental Research in the Petroleum Field (Type G) Awarded to faculty in non-Ph.D.-granting departments

Timothy L. Born, George Mason U. Biosynthesis of Quorum-Sensing Agents: Enzymatic Mechanism of Acylhomoserine Lactone Formation. $25,000

Daniel L. Burden, Wheaton C. Probing Diffusion Distributions at Hydrocarbon Biointerfaces with Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy. $25,000

Douglas J. Dunham, U of Wisconsin, Eau Claire. Oxidation and Alkali-Metal-Promoted Oxidation of Silicon Carbide. $25,000

Michael P. Haaf, Elizabethtown C. Stable Silylenes as Ligands in Organometallic Catalysis. $25,000

Robyn E. Hannigan, Arkansas State U. Remobilization of Trace Elements during Thermal Maturation. $25,000

Jutta Luettmer-Strathmann, U of Akron. Small-Scale Effects on the Dynamics of Nondilute Polymer Solutions. $25,000

Elizabeth C. Minor, Old Dominion U. Sources of Organic Matter within Temperate Estuaries as Determined by Flow Cytometry, Elemental Analysis, and pyGC-MS. $25,000

Jennifer Radkiewicz, Old Dominion U. Mechanism and Source of Stereoselectivity for a Reaction between a Hydroxy Alkyl Azide and a Substituted Cyclohexanone. $25,000

Deborah Tahmassebi, U of San Diego. A Family of Self-Organizing Receptors for Enantioselective Carbohydrate Binding. $25,000

Xiangqun Zeng, U of Wisconsin, Oshkosh. Electrochemical and Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of the Structure and Dynamic of Poly(vinylferrocene). $25,000

ACS PRF Grants for Scientific Education (Type SE)

David E. Bergbreiter, on behalf of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry. Molecular Engineering for Phase-Separable Catalysis presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $3,600

Neil Burford, on behalf of the Inorganic Division of the Canadian Society of Chemistry. Unusual Structure and Bonding in p Block Compounds presented at the 84th Canadian Society for Chemistry Conference and Exhibition, Montreal, Quebec, May 2001. $2,400

David J. Butcher, on behalf of the Federation of Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopic Societies. Lasers and Glow Discharge Atomic Spectrometry at the Federation of Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopic Societies, Detroit, October 2001. $3,600

James V. Crivello, Kevin D. Belfield, on behalf of the ACS Division of Polymer Chemistry and the ACS Division of Polymeric Materials: Science & Engineering. Advances in Photoinitiated Polymerization at the ACS national meeting, Chicago, August 2001. $3,600

Stephen W. Feldberg, Marshall D. Newton, on behalf of the ACS Division of Colloid & Surface Chemistry. Electron Transfer at Interfaces at the ACS national meeting, Chicago, August 2001. $3,600

Ingrid Fritsch, on behalf of the ACS Division of Analytical Chemistry. Recent Advances in Microfluidics presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $1,200

Yoko Furukawa, on behalf of the ACS Division of Geochemistry. Biogeochemical Consequences of the Dynamic Interactions between Benthic Infauna, Microbes, and Aquatic Sediments presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $2,000

Vicki H. Grassian, on behalf of the ACS Division of Physical Chemistry and the ACS Division of Colloid & Surface Chemistry. Physical Chemistry of Gas-Particle Interactions at the ACS national meeting, Chicago, August 2001. $2,000

Steven L. Guberman, on behalf of the ACS Division of Physical Chemistry. Dissociative Recombination of Molecules with Electrons at the ACS national meeting, Chicago, August 2001. $3,600

John I. Hedges, on behalf of the Organic Geochemistry Division of the Geochemical Society. Biochemistry of Terrestrial Organic Matter presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $3,600

Cecilia D. Hernandez, on behalf of the ACS Education & International Activities Division. ACS Project SEED--Supplementary Program. $35,000

Tara Y. Meyer, on behalf of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry. Chemistry of the Metal-Nitrogen Bond at the ACS national meeting, Chicago, August 2001. $3,000

Judit E. Puskas, on behalf of the ACS Division of Polymer Chemistry. In Situ Spectroscopy in Monomer and Polymer Synthesis presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $2,400

Pamela J. Shapiro, on behalf of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry. Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Group 13 presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $3,600

Anurag Sharma, on behalf of the ACS Division of Geochemistry. Theoretical, Experimental, and Observational Techniques for Hydrothermal Chemistry presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $1,200

Ronald A. Siegel, on behalf of the Mexican Polymer Society. Sensitive Polymers and Smart Gels in Honor of the Late Toyoichi Tanaka at the 7th Pacific Polymer Conference, Oaxaca, Mexico, December 2002. $3,600

Mark A. Teece, Richard Pancost, on behalf of the ACS Division of Geochemistry. Advances in Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $3,400

William B. Tolman, on behalf of the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry. Edward I. Solomon Award Symposium presented at the ACS national meeting, San Diego, April 2001. $2,400

John E. Warme, on behalf of the Geological Society of America. Bolide Impacts on Wet Targets at the Geological Society of America Field Forum, Nevada, April 2001. $3,600

ACS PRF Summer Research Supplements to Type AC Grants

Robert J. Angelici, Iowa State U. Multiple Metal-Ion Templates for the Synthesis of Large Macrocyles. $6,500

Dennis J. Clouthier, U of Kentucky. Spectroscopy of Selenium Compounds. $6,500

Claude Cohen, Cornell U. Neutron Scattering: Structure and Chain Conformation in Strained and Swollen Networks. $6,500

Arthur J. Epstein, Ohio State U. EPR Spectroscopy of Chain Order and Transport Dimensionality in Electronic Polymers. $6,500

Peter C. Ford, U of California, Santa Barbara. Reevaluation of the Reactivity of Iron Porphyrin Nitrosyls with Nitrogen Oxides: Toward Catalytic Dioxygen Activation. $6,500

Harry D. Gafney, City U of New York, Queens C. Excited-State Coordination Chemistry. $6,500

Gary L. Gard, Portland State U. Terminal SF₅/Bulky Perfluorinated(R_f ) Groups: Formation of Thin Perfluorinated Films. $6,500

Paul R. Hanson, U of Kansas. Ring-Closing Metathesis Strategy to Complex Sulfur Compounds as Potential Enzyme Inhibitors. $6,500

Mark A. Johnson, Yale U. Infrared Vibrational Activation of S_N2 Ion-Molecule Reaction Intermediates: Anatomy of a Nonstatistical Reaction. $6,500

Susan M. Kauzlarich, U of California, Davis. Solution Synthesis and Characterization of Group IV Nanoclusters. $6,500

Kenneth B. Lipkowitz, Indiana U-Purdue U, Indianapolis. "Chirality Content" and Stereoselection. $6,500

Patricia A. Mabrouk, Northeastern U. Bioelectrochemistry under Extreme Conditions. $6,500

Marcin M. Majda, U of California, Berkeley. Interfacial Proton Transport: An Electrochemical Time-of-Flight Method. $6,500

Sara F. Majetich, Carnegie Mellon U. Iron Oxide and Co Nanoparticle Arrays. $6,500

Mark C. McMills, Ohio U. An Approach to the Synthesis of Ingenol and Ingenane Analogs. $6,500

J. Casey Moore, U of California, Santa Cruz. Structural Context and Reservoir Models of an Upper-Miocene Fluid System in the Santa Cruz Area of California. $6,500

Benjamin O'Shaughnessy, Columbia U. Kinetics of Living Polymerizations. $6,500

J. Vincent Ortiz, Kansas State U. Structure and Bonding in Free and Hydrated Dicarboxylate Dianions. $6,500

Jack Passmore, U of New Brunswick. New Homopolyatomic Cations of Group 15. $6,500

Matthew S. Platz, Ohio State U. Long-Lived Singlet Nitrenes. $6,500 

Anthony J. Poe, U of Toronto. Intrazeolite Organometallic Kinetics. $6,500

Larry G. Sneddon, U of Pennsylvania. Solid-State Syntheses of Metalloboro-Nitrides and -Carbides. $6,500

Dawn Y. Sumner, U of California, Davis. Microbial Communities, Biogeochemical Cycles, and Metazoan Extinction in the Late-Devonian Canning Basin, Western Australia. $6,500

Michael W. Trenary, U of Illinois, Chicago. Catalytic Surface Chemistry of Transition-Metal Borides. $6,500

Stephen P. Watton, Virginia Commonwealth U. Sol-Gel-Supported Copper Phenanthroline Complexes as Catalysts and Mechanistic Tools. $6,500

Tuck C. Wong, U of Missouri, Columbia. NMR and Molecular Dynamics Studies of the Interaction of Peptides with Membrane Mimics. $6,500

ACS PRF Summer Research Supplements to Type B Grants

Brian H. Augustine, James Madison U. Biodegradation Study of PHAs Using In Situ ATM. $6,500

Kevin D. Belfield, U of Central Florida. Near-IR, Two-Photon Organic Photochemistry. $6,500

Dewei Qi, Western Michigan U. Parallel Computations of Nonspherical Particle Suspensions. $6,500

Carol A. Venanzi, New Jersey Inst. of Technology. Molecular Modeling Studies of AT-Specific DNA Intercalators. $6,500

ACS PRF Summer Research Supplements to Type G Grants

David J. R. Brook, U of Detroit Mercy. A New Approach to Magnetically Ordered Materials. $6,500

Tracy A. Hanna, Texas Christian U. Synthesis and Reactivity of Homogeneous Models for the Rate-Determining Step in SOHIO Catalysis. $6,500

Yongsong Huang, Brown U. Hydrogen Isotopic Fractionation of Lipid Biomarkers in Algae (Botryococcus braunii and Emiliania huxleyi). $6,500

Bradley S. Moore, U of Arizona, C of Pharmacy. Engineered Biosynthesis of Mixed Polyketide-Terpenoid Metabolites. $6,500

Leonard J. Mueller, U of California, Riverside. Structural Studies of Hydrogen Bonding in Nucleic Acids via Solid-State NMR. $6,500

Darrin J. Pochan, U of Delaware. Phase Behavior and Morphology of Semicrystalline Polymers Confined in Thin Films. $6,500

Jean M. Smolen, Saint Joseph's U. Effect of Adsorbed Mn(II) on the Reductive Transformation of Organic Pollutants. $6,500

Robert J. Stanley, Temple U. Electron Transfer Mechanism in DNA Photolyase Explored by Stark Spectroscopy. $6,500

Shane C. Street, U of Alabama. Surface Science Study of Hydroxylated Alumina Surfaces. $6,500

Andrew V. Teplyakov, U of Delaware. Catalytic Properties of Silicon Carbide-Supported Palladium. $6,500

Chuan-Jian Zhong, State U of New York, Binghamton. Tailoring of Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation Using Thiolate-Capped Gold and Alloy Nanoparticles. $6,500

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