Web Release Date: June 11,
Genetic Manipulation for Enhancing Calcium Content in Potato Tuber
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Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845, Department of Biotechnology, Yonam College of Agriculture, 330-802, Chungnam, Korea, Department of Horticulture, Sangju National University, 742-711 Sangju, Korea, Rural Development Administration, National Horticultural Research Institute, Suwon 441-440, Korea, and Departments of Pediatrics, and Human and Molecular Genetics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, Texas 77030
Received for review March 9, 2005. Revised manuscript received May 2, 2005. Accepted May 13, 2005.
Abstract:
Increased calcium (Ca) in potatoes may increase the production rate by enhancing tuber quality and storability. Additionally, increased Ca levels in important agricultural crops may help ameliorate the incidence of osteoporosis. However, the capacity to alter Ca levels in potato tubers through genetic manipulations has not been previously addressed. Here we demonstrate that potato tubers expressing the Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ transporter sCAX1 (N-terminal autoinhibitory domain truncated version of CAtion eXchanger 1) contain up to 3-fold more Ca than wild-type tubers. The increased Ca appears to be distributed throughout the tuber. The sCAX1-expressing potatoes have normally undergone the tuber/plant/tuber cycle for three generations; the trait appeared stable through successive generations. The expression of sCAX1 does not appear to alter potato growth and development. Furthermore, increased Ca levels in sCAX1-expressing tubers do not appear to alter tuber morphology or yield. Given the preponderance of potato consumption worldwide, these transgenic plants may be a means of marginally increasing Ca intake levels in the population. To our knowledge, this study represents the first attempts to use biotechnology to increase the Ca content of potatoes.
Keywords: Arabidopsis; calcium; nutrition; potato; H+/Ca2+ transporter
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