Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption/Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Petroleum Distillate Analysis

Kenroy E. Crawford,† J. Larry Campbell,†‡ Marc N. Fiddler,† Penggao Duan,† Kuangnan Qian,§ Martin L. Gorbaty,§ and Hilkka I. Kenttämaa*†
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47909, and ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, Annandale, New Jersey 08801
Anal. Chem., 2005, 77 (24), pp 7916–7923
DOI: 10.1021/ac0511501
Publication Date (Web): November 9, 2005
Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society
†

 Purdue University.

,
‡

 Current address:  Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.

,
§

 ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co.

,
*

 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax:  765-494-0359. E-mail:  hilkka@purdue.edu.

Abstract

Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) coupled with a 3-T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR) allows the simultaneous analysis of both the nonpolar and polar components in petroleum distillates. The LIAD/FT-ICR method was validated by examining model compounds representative of the various classes of polar and nonpolar hydrocarbons commonly found in petroleum. LIAD successfully desorbs all the compounds as intact neutral molecules into the FT-ICR. Electron ionization (EI) at low energies (10 eV) and chemical ionization using cyclopentadienyl cobalt radical cation (CpCo•+) were employed to ionize the desorbed molecules. The EI experiments lead to extensive fragmentation of many of the hydrocarbon compounds studied. However, the CpCo•+ ion ionizes all the hydrocarbon compounds by producing only pseudomolecular ions without other fragmentation, with the exception of one compound (•CH3 loss occurs). Examination of two different petroleum distillate samples revealed hundreds of compounds. The most abundant components have an even molecular weight; i.e., they are likely to contain no (or possibly an even number of) nitrogen atoms.

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History

  • Published In Issue December 15, 2005
  • Received for review June 28, 2005. Accepted September 15, 2005.

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