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Capillary Electrophoresis Chips with Integrated Electrochemical Detection

Adam T. Woolley,^† Kaiqin Lao,^‡^§ Alexander N. Glazer,^§ and Richard A. Mathies*^†

Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

Anal. Chem., 1998, 70 (4), pp 684–688

DOI: 10.1021/ac971135z

Publication Date (Web): January 15, 1998

†

Department of Chemistry.

‡

Present address: Behring Diagnostics Inc., 3403 Yerba Buena Rd., San Jose, CA 95135.

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology.

To whom correspondence should be addressed: (phone) (510) 642-4192; (fax) (510) 642-3599; (e-mail) rich@zinc.cchem.berkeley.edu.

Abstract

Capillary electrophoresis systems with integrated electrochemical detection have been microfabricated on glass substrates. Photolithographic placement of the working electrode just outside the exit of the electrophoresis channel provides high-sensitivity electrochemical detection with minimal interference from the separation electric field. Microchip electrophoretic separations of neurotransmitters in under 100 s exemplify the good resolution and attomole detection sensitivity of these devices. Using indirect electrochemical detection, high-sensitivity DNA restriction fragment and PCR product sizing has also been performed. These microdevices match the detector's size to that of microfabricated separation and reaction devices, bringing to reality the lab-on-a-chip concept.

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