Article

Remodeling and Enhancing Schmidt Reaction Pathways in Hexafluoroisopropanol

Department of Medicinal Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, University of Kansas, Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
J. Org. Chem., 2016, 81 (4), pp 1593–1609
DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02764
Publication Date (Web): January 22, 2016
Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society
*E-mail: jaube@unc.edu.

Abstract

Abstract Image

The effect of carrying out two variations of the Schmidt reaction with ketone electrophiles in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent has been studied. When TMSN3 is reacted with ketones in the presence of triflic acid (TfOH) promoter, tetrazoles are obtained as the major products. This observation is in contrast to established methods, which usually lead to amides or lactams arising from formal NH insertion as the major products. The full product profiles of several examples of this reaction are also reported and found to include mechanistically interesting products (e.g., double ring expansion). Application of TfOH promoter in HFIP was also found to promote the reaction of a hydroxyalkyl azide with a ketone, which affords lactams following nucleophilic opening of initially formed iminium ether more efficiently than previously reported methods.

Supporting Information


The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02764.

  • X-ray data for 4b (CIF)

  • X-ray data for 7 (CIF)

  • 1H and 13C NMR spectra for new compounds and known compounds prepared by the present method (PDF)

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Article Views: 977 Times
Received 4 December 2015
Published online 22 January 2016
Published in print 19 February 2016
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