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Microwave-Accelerated Homogeneous Catalysis in Organic Chemistry

Mats Larhed,*^† Christina Moberg,^‡ and Anders Hallberg^†

Department of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden

Acc. Chem. Res., 2002, 35 (9), pp 717–727

DOI: 10.1021/ar010074v

Publication Date (Web): June 25, 2002

In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.

†

Uppsala University.

‡

Royal Institute of Technology.

Mats Larhed obtained his M.Sc. degree in pharmacy from Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, in 1991. As a graduate student of Professor Anders Hallberg, he explored regiocontrolled Heck reactions and microwave flash heating and received his Ph.D. degree in 1997. He is currently exploring high-speed micro-wave-assisted synthesis, selective palladium-catalysis and the development of enzyme inhibitors at the Department of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Uppsala.

Christina Moberg received her M.Sc. degree at the Stockholm University in 1970 and her Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry at KTH in 1975. She became associate professor in 1989 and was appointed full professor in 1997. Her research is devoted to the development of new selective organic synthetic methods employing asymmetric metal catalysis.

Anders Hallberg received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Lund in 1980. After a postdoc period of 2 years at the University of Arizona, he joined Astra in Lund, Sweden, where, in 1988, he became Head of Medicinal chemistry. He was appointed full professor in Medicinal chemistry at Uppsala University in 1990. He is engaged in the field of peptidomimetics and aims at developing new selective and robust organic reactions.

Abstract

The efficiency of microwave flash heating in accelerating organic transformations (reaction times reduced from days and hours to minutes and seconds) has recently been proven in several different fields of organic chemistry. This specific account mainly summarizes our own experiences in developing rapid, robust, and selective microwave-assisted transition metal-catalyzed homogeneous reactions. Applications include selective Heck couplings, cross-couplings, and asymmetric substitutions. The science of green chemistry was developed to meet the increasing demand for environmentally benign chemical processes. We believe the combination of metal catalysis and microwave heating will be of importance in the search for green laboratory-scale synthesis.

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