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Aromatic Interactions Promote Self-Association of Collagen Triple-Helical Peptides to Higher-Order Structures
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Abstract

Aromatic residues are relatively rare within the collagen triple helix, but they appear to play a specialized role in higher-order structure and function. The role of aromatic amino acids in the self-assembly of triple-helical peptides was investigated in terms of the kinetics of self-association, the nature of aggregated species formed, and the ability of these species to activate platelet aggregation. The presence of aromatic residues on both ends of a type IV collagen model peptide is observed to greatly accelerate the kinetics of self-association, decreasing the lag time and leading to insoluble, well-defined linear fibrils as well as small soluble aggregates. Both macroscopic visible aggregates and small multimolecular complexes in solution are capable of inducing platelet aggregation through the glycoprotein VI receptor on platelets. Proline−aromatic CH···π interactions are often observed within globular proteins and in protein complexes, and examination of molecular packing in the crystal structure of the integrin binding collagen peptide shows Phe interacts with Pro/Hyp in a neighboring triple-helical molecule. An intermolecular interaction between aromatic amino acids and imino acids within the triple helix is also supported by the observed inhibitory effect of isolated Phe amino acids on the self-association of (Pro-Hyp-Gly)10. Given the high fraction of Pro and Hyp residues on the surface of collagen molecules, it is likely that imino acid−aromatic CH···π interactions are important in formation of higher-order structure. We suggest that the catalysis of type I collagen fibrillogenesis by nonhelical telopeptides is due to specific intermolecular CH···π interactions between aromatic residues in the telopeptides and Pro/Hyp residues within the triple helix.
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This article has been cited by 10 ACS Journal articles (5 most recent appear below).

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Lesley E. R. O’Leary, Jorge A. Fallas, and Jeffrey D. HartgerinkJournal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (14), 5432-5443Although collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body and has at least 28 types, research involving collagen mimetic systems only recently began to consider the innate ability of collagen to control helix composition and register. Collagen ...
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History
- Published In Issue August 25, 2009
- Article ASAPJuly 31, 2009
- Just Accepted ManuscriptJuly 18, 2009
- Received: March 23, 2009
Revised: July 16, 2009
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