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Notes on Vapor Pressure Equilibria Measurements

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Albert G. Krieger and John W. Henderson

J. Chem. Educ., 1996, 73 (11), p 1039

DOI: 10.1021/ed073p1039

Publication Date (Web): November 1, 1996

Abstract

After reading the article in this Journal (1), we would like to share our experience with a similar experiment based on an earlier article in this Journal (2). Freshman students at our institution use manometers and 24/40 ground-glass distillation apparatus (abandoned by our organic chemistry classes) to measure boiling points at reduced pressures. Distilled water and 2-methyl-1-propanol are typical liquids of interest. Students enter their collected data into an Excel template which generates graphs of P vs. T and log P vs 1/T to demonstrate the nonlinear and linear relationships that exist between vapor pressures and temperatures. The templates use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to determine the normal boiling point and the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid studies. The boiling point determined for water is 100 ^oC and for 2-methyl-1-propanol is 106 ^oC, within 2 ^o of the CRC Handbook data. We have found that the availability of state-of-the-art equipment need not limit the ability to teach and demonstrate fundamental principles. The Excel template (Macintosh) is available upon request domestically and for the cost of international postage for others.

Keywords (Audience):

First-Year Undergraduate / General

Keywords (Domain):

Physical Chemistry

Keywords (Subject):

Gases

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This article has been cited by 2 ACS Journal articles (2 most recent appear below).

Enthalpy of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures: An Inexpensive Apparatus
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Journal of Chemical Education2007 84 (5), 822
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  Rubin Battino , David A. Dolson and Michael R. Hall , Trevor M. Letcher
  Journal of Chemical Education2007 84 (5), 822
  An inexpensive apparatus is described for the determination of the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature for the purpose of calculating enthalpy changes of vaporization. The solid-state pressure transducer is linear above 100 torr, is ...
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An Inexpensive Microscale Method for Measuring Vapor Pressure, Associated Thermodynamic Variables, and Molecular Weight
Jason C. DeMuro , Hovanes Margarian , Artavan Mkhikian , Kwang Hi No and Andrew R. Peterson
Journal of Chemical Education1999 76 (8), 1113
- An Inexpensive Microscale Method for Measuring Vapor Pressure, Associated Thermodynamic Variables, and Molecular Weight
  Jason C. DeMuro , Hovanes Margarian , Artavan Mkhikian , Kwang Hi No and Andrew R. Peterson
  Journal of Chemical Education1999 76 (8), 1113
  Existing methods for measuring vapor pressure are too expensive or not quantitative enough for chemistry classes in secondary schools. Our method measures the vapor pressure inside a bubble trapped in a graduated microtube made from a disposable 1-mL ...
  Abstract | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links