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Oxygenates in Gasoline: A Versatile Experiment Using Gas Chromatography
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Abstract
An experiment for introductory chemistry in which oxygenates are extracted from gasoline and analyzed by gas chromatography is described. The extraction of oxygenates from gasoline with water prior to analysis by gas chromatography allows for their easy identification and quantification since only the oxygenates dissolve in water. Both qualitative and quantitative versions of the experiment are described. Calculations which can be used to determine the weight percent of methanol, ethanol, or methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in gasoline samples are given. The use of this experiment in discussing good laboratory technique, separation of mixtures, chromatography, the use of calibration curves, and error analysis is presented. The value of this experiment because of its current interest, its potential for allowing students to see the utility outside the classroom of what they are learning, and its connection to the political and social issues involved in addition of oxygenates to gasoline is also discussed.
Keywords (Audience):
Second-Year UndergraduateKeywords (Domain):
Analytical ChemistryKeywords (Pedagogy):
Hands-On Learning / ManipulativesKeywords (Subject):
Gas ChromatographyCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 7 ACS Journal articles (5 most recent appear below).
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Sherry A. Mueller , James E. Anderson and Timothy J. Wallington , Robert M. HammondJournal of Chemical Education2009 86 (9), 1045A significant issue associated with ethanol–gasoline blends is the phase separation that occurs with the addition of small volumes of water, producing an ethanol-deficient gasoline layer and an ethanol-rich aqueous layer. The gasoline layer may have a ...
Measurement of Organics Using Three FTIR Techniques: Absorption, Attenuated Total Reflectance, and Diffuse Reflectance
M. E. Gebel , M. A. Kaleuati and B. J. Finlayson-PittsJournal of Chemical Education2003 80 (6), 672Measurement of Organics Using Three FTIR Techniques: Absorption, Attenuated Total Reflectance, and Diffuse Reflectance
M. E. Gebel , M. A. Kaleuati and B. J. Finlayson-PittsJournal of Chemical Education2003 80 (6), 672This paper describes an undergraduate junior- and senior-level instrumental analysis experiment that uses three infrared analysis techniques: conventional transmission spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance ...
Synthesis and Characterization of a Gasoline Oxygenate, Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether
Craig J. Donahue , Teresa D'Amico and Jennifer A. ExlineJournal of Chemical Education2002 79 (6), 724Synthesis and Characterization of a Gasoline Oxygenate, Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether
Craig J. Donahue , Teresa D'Amico and Jennifer A. ExlineJournal of Chemical Education2002 79 (6), 724A laboratory procedure involving the synthesis and characterization of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) is described. This experiment has been used in a general chemistry sequence that includes a section on organic chemistry, but is also well suited for an ...
Analysis of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Fuels Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Tal M. NahirJournal of Chemical Education1999 76 (12), 1695Analysis of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Fuels Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Tal M. NahirJournal of Chemical Education1999 76 (12), 1695The analysis of diesel fuel using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is described. The experiment is especially appropriate for courses in instrumental analysis and environmental chemistry. Results from the injections of small amounts of liquid samples ...
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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