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Free Radical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Examples from Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater from the Chemistry in Airborne Water Droplets
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Section:Abstract
Inorganic chemistry involving free radicals in aqueous solutions can be important in environmental processes. A common free radical reaction in aqueous solution is electron transfer, especially to the hydroxyl radical and to ozone. Hydrogen peroxide and free radicals related to it act as weak acids, so both their neutral and deprotonated forms must be considered in reactions. In Advanced Oxidation Processes, the hydroxyl radical concentration in water is greatly increased by reactions involving ozone and/or ultraviolet light. Irradiation of solid titanium dioxide can also be used to generate the radicals. The hydroxyl radicals are used in the Processes to initiate the oxidation of dissolved organic pollutants. Free radical reactions also play an important role in the chemistry of water droplets suspended in air in clouds and fogs. The radicals arise indirectly from the photoionization of dissolved organic compounds such as aldehydes and from the iron-catalyzed decomposition of dissolved hydrogen peroxide. They oxidize dissolved sulfur dioxide and certain organic compounds.
Keywords (Audience):
Second-Year UndergraduateKeywords (Domain):
Inorganic ChemistryKeywords (Subject):
Aqueous Solution ChemistryCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).
Characteristics of Radical Reactions, Spin Rules, and a Suggestion for the Consistent Use of a Dot on Radical Species
László WojnárovitsJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (12), 1658-1662Characteristics of Radical Reactions, Spin Rules, and a Suggestion for the Consistent Use of a Dot on Radical Species
László WojnárovitsJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (12), 1658-1662In many chemical reactions, reactive radicals have been shown to be transient intermediates. The free radical character of a chemical species is often, but not always, indicated by adding a superscript dot to the chemical formula. A consistent use of this ...
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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