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Demonstrating Chemical and Analytical Concepts in the Undergraduate Laboratory Using Capillary Electrophoresis and Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography
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Abstract
This paper describes instrumental analysis laboratory exercises that utilize capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography to demonstrate several analytical and chemical principles. Alkyl parabens (4-hydroxy alkyl benzoates), which are common ingredients in cosmetic formulations, are separated by capillary electrophoresis. The electrophoretic mobilities of the parabens can be explained on the basis of their relative size. 3-Hydroxy ethylbenzoate is also separated to demonstrate the effect of substituent position on the acid dissociation constant and the effect this has on electrophoretic mobility. Homologous series of alkyl benzoates and alkyl phthalates (common plasticizers) are separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography at four surfactant concentrations. This exercise demonstrates the separation mechanism of micellar electrokinetic chromatography, the concept of chromatographic phase ratio, and the concepts of micelle formation. A photodiode array detector is used in both exercises to demonstrate the advantages and limitations of the detector and to demonstrate the effect of pH and substituent position on the spectra of the analytes.
Keywords (Audience):
Second-Year UndergraduateKeywords (Domain):
Analytical ChemistryKeywords (Pedagogy):
Hands-On Learning / ManipulativesKeywords (Subject):
ColloidsCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 5 ACS Journal articles (5 most recent appear below).
Capillary Electrophoresis: Focus on Undergraduate Laboratory Experiments
Lisa A. HollandJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (3), 254-256Capillary Electrophoresis: Focus on Undergraduate Laboratory Experiments
Lisa A. HollandJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (3), 254-256Capillary electrophoresis is a versatile technique well suited to teach concepts that are fundamental to a chemistry degree program. The applicability of capillary electrophoresis to metabolites, DNA, proteins, pharmaceutical compounds, environmental ...
On-Chip Micropatterning of Plastic (Cylic Olefin Copolymer, COC) Microfluidic Channels for the Fabrication of Biomolecule Microarrays Using Photografting Methods
Qiaosheng Pu, Olufemi Oyesanya, Bowlin Thompson, Shantang Liu, and Julio C. AlvarezLangmuir2007 23 (3), 1577-1583On-Chip Micropatterning of Plastic (Cylic Olefin Copolymer, COC) Microfluidic Channels for the Fabrication of Biomolecule Microarrays Using Photografting Methods
Qiaosheng Pu, Olufemi Oyesanya, Bowlin Thompson, Shantang Liu, and Julio C. AlvarezLangmuir2007 23 (3), 1577-1583This paper reports on the surface modification of plastic microfluidic channels to prepare different biomolecule micropatterns using ultraviolet (UV) photografting methods. The linkage chemistry is based upon UV photopolymerization of acryl monomers to ...
Weak Acid pKa Determination Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Mike SolowJournal of Chemical Education2006 83 (8), 1194Weak Acid pKa Determination Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Mike SolowJournal of Chemical Education2006 83 (8), 1194This article describes a general chemistry experiment designed to measure the pKa of benzoic acid using capillary zone electrophoresis. Despite the fact that modern biology relies so heavily on this analytical technique, students get very little ...
Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Cations in Water Samples. An Experiment for the Introductory Laboratory
Christopher J. Pursell , Bert Chandler and Michelle M. BusheyJournal of Chemical Education2004 81 (12), 1783Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Cations in Water Samples. An Experiment for the Introductory Laboratory
Christopher J. Pursell , Bert Chandler and Michelle M. BusheyJournal of Chemical Education2004 81 (12), 1783Capillary electrophoresis is gradually working its way into the undergraduate laboratory curriculum. Typically, experiments utilizing this newer technology have been introduced into analytical or instrumental courses. We have introduced an experiment into ...
Determination of a Diffusion Coefficient by Capillary Electrophoresis. An Experiment for the Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratories
Kathryn R. Williams , Bhavin Adhyaru , Igor German and Thomas RussellJournal of Chemical Education2002 79 (12), 1475Determination of a Diffusion Coefficient by Capillary Electrophoresis. An Experiment for the Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratories
Kathryn R. Williams , Bhavin Adhyaru , Igor German and Thomas RussellJournal of Chemical Education2002 79 (12), 1475Students measure the diffusion coefficient of dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) by capillary electrophoresis using three evaluation methods: single-point, graphical, and stopped migration. The experiment combines instruction of modern instrumentation with the ...
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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