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Gas Chromatography Analyses for Trihalomethanes: An Experiment Illustrating Important Sources of Disinfection By-Products in Water Treatment

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Alicia C. Gonzalez

Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, La Verne, CA 91750

Victor R. Vasquez

California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region, San Diego, CA 92124

Terese M. Olson

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125

J. Chem. Educ., 2001, 78 (9), p 1231

DOI: 10.1021/ed078p1231

Publication Date (Web): September 1, 2001

Abstract

Chlorination processes are an important disinfection strategy in drinking water treatment. Side-reactions of chlorine species with naturally present organic matter, however, are known to produce toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs). One important class of DBPs is trihalomethanes. This experiment demonstrates how trihalomethanes form in a chlorination process by using a model substrate, resorcinol, to mimic the reactive moieties present in natural organic matter. To further simulate how bromo-substituted trihalomethanes are typically obtained in a chlorination process, bromide is also added to the resorcinol solution. Reaction pathways and yields for the formation of trihalomethanes are discussed. The experiment provides a meaningful example of gas chromatography analyses of mixtures of environmentally relevant compounds and is suitable for an undergraduate junior/senior level or graduate environmental chemistry course.

Keywords (Audience):

Upper-Division Undergraduate

Keywords (Domain):

Environmental Chemistry

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Chromatography

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Received: August 03, 2009

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Gas Chromatography Analyses for Trihalomethanes: An Experiment Illustrating Important Sources of Disinfection By-Products in Water Treatment

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Related Content

Introduction to the Design and Optimization of Experiments Using Response Surface Methodology. A Gas Chromatography Experiment for the Instrumentation Laboratory

Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts

Periodic Patterns

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