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Drug Distribution: A Guided-Inquiry Laboratory Experiment in Coupled Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibria

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John Hein and Michael Jeannot

Department of Chemistry, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN 56301-4498

J. Chem. Educ., 2001, 78 (2), p 224

DOI: 10.1021/ed078p224

Publication Date (Web): February 1, 2001

Section:

History, Education, and Documentation

Abstract

A simple and inexpensive experiment for the study of simultaneous homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria is described using a common antihistamine drug, diphenhydramine. This experiment gives students an opportunity to study the distribution of a drug in a two-phase system by measuring the concentrations of two chemical species and predicting the others by considering charge balance, mass balance, and equilibrium constant expressions. Furthermore, the acid-dissociation constant and aqueous-organic distribution coefficient can be calculated. The experiment is attractive to students because it represents a simplified model for something experienced in everyday life, namely, drug distribution in the human body. Students also gain experience with two very important analytical techniques, gas chromatography and pH measurement with a glass electrode.

Keywords (Audience):

Second-Year Undergraduate

Keywords (Domain):

Laboratory Instruction

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Acids / Bases

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