Cart
Article
Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in the Undergraduate Laboratories. 1. Using ATRP to Prepare Block and Statistical Copolymers of n-Butyl Acrylate and Styrene
Hi-Res PDFPurchase the full-text
- PDF/HTML,
figures/images,
references and tables,
(where available)
Abstract
A simple method of preparing well-defined (co)polymers has been developed for application in an advanced undergraduate laboratory. The method utilizes atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), a controlled/living radical polymerization, to prepare difunctional poly(n-butyl acrylate) with bromine end groups, which is chain-extended with styrene to yield an ABA triblock copolymer. Simultaneously, a statistical copolymer of the two monomers is prepared for comparison. The two copolymers are isolated and compositions and molecular weights are determined using 1H NMR and SEC, respectively. Optional additions to the experiment include performing a kinetic analysis of the homopolymerization using GC and SEC, and possibly comparing the results to those expected for conventional radical polymerization. Material differences in the copolymers can be observed qualitatively or measured using thermal or mechanical analysis. The lab is designed in such a way that several parts of the whole can be used to emphasize different areas of polymer science. A more synthetic course such as the organic synthesis lab can opt to investigate only the kinetic and composition analyses, whereas an engineering or materials science course may pursue more rigorous analysis of the materials' properties. Results included here are intended for application in an organic synthesis laboratory course.
Keywords (Audience):
Upper-Division UndergraduateKeywords (Domain):
Laboratory InstructionKeywords (Pedagogy):
Hands-On Learning / ManipulativesKeywords (Subject):
CatalysisCiting Articles
Citation data is made available by participants in CrossRef's Cited-by Linking service. For a more comprehensive list of citations to this article, users are encouraged to perform a search in SciFinder.
This article has been cited by 14 ACS Journal articles (5 most recent appear below).
Polymerization Kinetics: Monitoring Monomer Conversion Using an Internal Standard and the Key Role of Sample t0
Olivier Colombani, Ophélie Langelier, and Ekkachaï Martwong , Patrice CastignollesJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (1), 116-121Polymerization Kinetics: Monitoring Monomer Conversion Using an Internal Standard and the Key Role of Sample t0
Olivier Colombani, Ophélie Langelier, and Ekkachaï Martwong , Patrice CastignollesJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (1), 116-121The use of an internal standard is a conventional and convenient way to monitor the conversion of one or several monomers during a controlled radical polymerization. However, the validity of this technique relies on an accurate determination of the ...
Fundamentals of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Veerle M. C. Coessens and Krzysztof MatyjaszewskiJournal of Chemical Education2010 87 (9), 916-919Fundamentals of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Veerle M. C. Coessens and Krzysztof MatyjaszewskiJournal of Chemical Education2010 87 (9), 916-919Today’s market increasingly demands sophisticated materials for advanced technologies and high-value applications, such as nanocomposites, optoelectronic, or biomedical materials. Therefore, the demand for well-defined polymers with very specific ...
Monitoring the Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of Styrene Using Gel Permeation Chromatography and Proton NMR
Eric S. Tillman , Nathan D. Contrella and Joshua G. LeasureJournal of Chemical Education2009 86 (12), 1424Monitoring the Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of Styrene Using Gel Permeation Chromatography and Proton NMR
Eric S. Tillman , Nathan D. Contrella and Joshua G. LeasureJournal of Chemical Education2009 86 (12), 1424This laboratory exercise is designed to give students experience in controlled radical polymerization (CRP) techniques, with an emphasis on monitoring the conversion of monomer into polymer as the reaction proceeds. Specifically, nitroxide-mediated ...
The Chemistry of Formazan Dyes. Synthesis and Characterization of a Stable Verdazyl Radical and a Related Boron-Containing Heterocycle
David E. Berry , Robin G. Hicks and Joe B. GilroyJournal of Chemical Education2009 86 (1), 76The Chemistry of Formazan Dyes. Synthesis and Characterization of a Stable Verdazyl Radical and a Related Boron-Containing Heterocycle
David E. Berry , Robin G. Hicks and Joe B. GilroyJournal of Chemical Education2009 86 (1), 76This experiment describes the synthesis and characterization of a formazan dye, and its subsequent conversion to a stable verdazyl radical and a boron–nitrogen heterocycle (boratatetrazine). Each of these compounds is intensely colored and is prepared and ...
Investigation of the Assembly of Comb Block Copolymers in the Solid State
M. Brett Runge, Corinne E. Lipscomb, Lindsay R. Ditzler, Mahesh K. Mahanthappa, Alexei V. Tivanski and Ned B. BowdenMacromolecules2008 41 (20), 7687-7694Investigation of the Assembly of Comb Block Copolymers in the Solid State
M. Brett Runge, Corinne E. Lipscomb, Lindsay R. Ditzler, Mahesh K. Mahanthappa, Alexei V. Tivanski and Ned B. BowdenMacromolecules2008 41 (20), 7687-7694Comb block copolymers are a relatively new architecture of polymer whose assembly into ordered morphologies in the solid state is largely unexplored. Thirty-two comb block copolymers with molecular weights from 168 to 4200 kg mol−1 were synthesized and ...
Full Text HTMLTools
-
Add to Favorites
-
Download Citation
-
Email a Colleague -
Permalink
Order Reprints
Rights & Permissions
Citation Alerts
History
- Received: August 03, 2009
ACS
Network
Facebook
Tweet This
CiteULike
Newsvine
Digg This
Delicious
