Quantitative Determination of Nicotine and Cotinine in Urine and Sputum Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method

X. Fan , M. Lam , D. T. Mathers and S. A. Mabury
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
A. E. Witter and D. M. Klinger
Department of Chemistry, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA 17013
J. Chem. Educ., 2002, 79 (10), p 1257
DOI: 10.1021/ed079p1257
Publication Date (Web): October 1, 2002

Abstract

An advanced undergraduate experiment for the analysis of nicotine metabolites in urine and sputum is described. Students use solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography/isotope dilution/selective ion monitoring/mass spectrometry to identify and quantify volatile and semi-volatile metabolites produced in response to nicotine exposure. Nicotine and cotinine were chosen as target analytes because smoking trends continue to increase on college campuses despite the well-known risks associated with this activity. Solid phase microextraction is an ideal technique for this analysis because of its simplicity, making it amenable for introduction into the undergraduate laboratory. Also, sample preparation and handling steps are minimized, thereby lessening potential contamination or matrix exposure. Furthermore, the use of isotopic dilution for sample quantification is illustrated.

Keywords (Audience):

Second-Year Undergraduate

Keywords (Domain):

Analytical Chemistry

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Chromatography
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  • Received: August 03, 2009

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