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Lithium Batteries: A Practical Application of Chemical Principles
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Abstract
In recent years batteries have emerged in the marketplace that take advantage of the unique properties of lithium. Lithium metal is an attractive choice to serve as a battery anode because it is easily oxidized and it produces an exceptionally high amount of electrical charge per unit-weight. The electrolytes used in lithium batteries contain lithium salts dissolved in polar organic solvents. A variety of substances can serve as the battery cathode. They include inorganic solids, liquids, and dissolved gas. The cell potentials of lithium-metal batteries can be calculated from thermodynamic principles. These open-circuit voltages can be compared to the operating voltages of batteries delivering a current. Some lithium batteries employ intercalation compounds as their cathodes. These solids have layered or tunneled crystal structures into which lithium ions insert during the reduction process. When an intercalation cathode is paired with a lithiated-graphite anode, the resulting battery has the advantage of being rechargeable. It is known as a lithium-ion battery because no lithium metal is present.
Keywords (Audience):
High School / Introductory ChemistryKeywords (Domain):
Physical ChemistryKeywords (Subject):
Consumer ChemistryCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).
Addition of a Project-Based Component to a Conventional Expository Physical Chemistry Laboratory
Georgios Tsaparlis and Marianna GoreziJournal of Chemical Education2007 84 (4), 668Addition of a Project-Based Component to a Conventional Expository Physical Chemistry Laboratory
Georgios Tsaparlis and Marianna GoreziJournal of Chemical Education2007 84 (4), 668The conventional expository style of laboratory instruction has been criticized for its "cookbook" nature and for placing little emphasis on thinking. Inquiry-based activities require the learners to generate their own procedures. A simpler variety is the ...
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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