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Chemistry Perfumes Your Daily Life
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Abstract
The use of perfumes can be tracked back to many early civilizations. Historically, perfumes were composed exclusively of natural ingredients, mainly essential oils, and were reserved for the wealthiest people. The use of synthetic ingredients marked the beginning of modern perfumery at the end of the 19th century. Nowadays, perfumes are available to everyone and are present in a wide range of consumer goods. The methods used to extract perfume ingredients from their natural sources have changed over time as technology has advanced. Depending on the material, expression, distillation, and solvent extraction are the main techniques used to extract the odorant components from a natural source. Synthetic organic chemistry has provided perfumers with novel ingredients that are cheaper and more stable than many natural materials over the years. Today, more than 3000 fragrance ingredients are estimated to be available to perfumers to create a harmonious composition of head (for example, citrusy), heart (for example, fruity–floral) and base notes (for example, musky). Future developments and uses of perfume are endless and as Ernest Beaux, the perfumer who created Chanel N85, once said, "In perfumery the future lies primarily in the hands of the chemists."
Keywords (Audience):
High School / Introductory ChemistryKeywords (Domain):
Organic ChemistryKeywords (Feature):
Products of ChemistryKeywords (Subject):
Consumer ChemistryCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 4 ACS Journal articles (4 most recent appear below).
The Scent of Roses and Beyond: Molecular Structures, Analysis, and Practical Applications of Odorants
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Albrecht Mannschreck and Erwin von AngererJournal of Chemical Education2011 88 (11), 1501-1506A few odorous compounds found in roses are chosen to arouse the reader's interest in their molecular structures. This article differs from some similar reports on odorants mainly by combining the structural description with the presentation of the ...
Introducing Bond-Line Organic Structures in High School Biology: An Activity That Incorporates Pleasant-Smelling Molecules
Andro C. Rios and Gerald FrenchJournal of Chemical Education2011 Article ASAPIntroducing Bond-Line Organic Structures in High School Biology: An Activity That Incorporates Pleasant-Smelling Molecules
Andro C. Rios and Gerald FrenchJournal of Chemical Education2011 Article ASAPChemical education occurs in settings other than just the chemistry classroom. High school biology courses are frequently where students are introduced to organic molecules and their importance to cellular chemistry. However, structural representations ...
Unequal Activities of Enantiomers via Biological Receptors: Examples of Chiral Drug, Pesticide, and Fragrance Molecules
Albrecht Mannschreck and Roland Kiesswetter , Erwin von AngererJournal of Chemical Education2007 84 (12), 2012Unequal Activities of Enantiomers via Biological Receptors: Examples of Chiral Drug, Pesticide, and Fragrance Molecules
Albrecht Mannschreck and Roland Kiesswetter , Erwin von AngererJournal of Chemical Education2007 84 (12), 2012A molecule coming from outside an organism can form a ligand–receptor complex. Upon its formation, a message is transmitted, for example, to certain cells. In this way, two enantiomers can emit messages that differ, either quantitatively or qualitatively. ...
Food and More for Thought
Diana S. MasonJournal of Chemical Education2004 81 (1), 9Food and More for Thought
Diana S. MasonJournal of Chemical Education2004 81 (1), 9Articles of interest to high school chemistry teachers.
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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