Effects of Exchange Energy and Spin-Orbit Coupling on Bond Energies

Derek W. Smith
Department of Chemistry, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
J. Chem. Educ., 2004, 81 (6), p 886
DOI: 10.1021/ed081p886
Publication Date (Web): June 1, 2004
History, Education, and Documentation

Abstract

It is shown that the ground states of atoms having pn configurations are stabilized by exchange energy (n = 2, 3, or 4) and/or spin–orbit coupling (n = 1, 2, 4, or 5). The extent of such stabilization is given by the barycenter of all states arising from the pn configuration relative to the ground state, obtainable from tabulations of atomic spectra. The stabilization of A(g) and/or B(g) has the effect of lowering the mean bond energy DA-B in ABn.When bond energies are adjusted to take account of these effects, periodic trends exhibit fewer discontinuities and anomalies. For example, adjusted bond energies D'A-H increase monotonically and almost linearly across each of the np series, as would be predicted from size and electronegativity considerations.

Keywords (Audience):

Second-Year Undergraduate

Keywords (Domain):

Inorganic Chemistry

Keywords (Feature):

Research: Science and Education

Keywords (Subject):

Atomic Properties / Structure
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  • Received: August 03, 2009

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