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Propanol to Propane: An Advanced Laboratory Experiment Using Heterogeneous Catalysts for Two Successive Gas-Phase Reactions

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Peter Menzel

Universität Hohenheim, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany

Bruce Mattson , Martin Hulce , Wes Cheng , Jaclyn Greimann and Trisha Hoette

Department of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178-0104

J. Chem. Educ., 2006, 83 (3), p 421

DOI: 10.1021/ed083p421

Publication Date (Web): March 1, 2006

Abstract

This article describes two organic reactions involving gas-phase heterogeneous catalysis suitable for use as an advanced undergraduate synthesis and spectroscopy laboratory experiment. In the first reaction, 2-propanol is converted to propene using heated alumina beads as the catalyst. The product gas is purified with a dry ice–propanol cold trap. In the second reaction, the propene is hydrogenated to propane using a palladium catalyst in nearly 100% yield. Both propene and propane are characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and both give elegant spectra that are ideally suited for interpretation by undergraduate students. Students may use proton decoupling to assign the spectrum and COSY to confirm chemical shift assignments. This laboratory experiment is original in that gas-phase organic reactions are not usually experienced in chemistry laboratory programs. The experiment demonstrates continuous-flow, closed-system gas phase reactions of fundamental importance in chemical industry.

Keywords (Audience):

Upper-Division Undergraduate

Keywords (Domain):

Laboratory Instruction

Keywords (Feature):

The Microscale Laboratory

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Alcohols

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