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Flame Emission Spectrometry in General Chemistry Labs: Solubility Product (Ksp) of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate
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Abstract
In this general chemistry laboratory, flame emission spectrometry is used to determine the potassium ion concentration in saturated solutions of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) in the 0–65 °C temperature range. From these data the solubility products (Ksp), the Gibbs free energies of solution (ΔsolnG°), the standard enthalpy of solution (ΔsolnH°), and the standard entropy of solution (ΔsolnS° are calculated. Students also determine Ksp in 0.50 M KCl at room temperature wherein the K+ concentration is determined by flame emission and HP- concentration is determined via titrating with NaOH. In determining both the K+ and HP- concentrations in a saturated solution of KHP in 0.50 M KCl, students verify that Ksp is a constant by showing that the same numerical values are obtained, with and without KCl. This experiment also addresses one of the serious problems we and many others have noticed; students do not know how to prepare solutions accurately, especially dilute solutions. We therefore require our students to prepare the K+ calibration standards from KHP(s). As an additional exercise, students determine the concentration of potassium in Gatorade.
Keywords (Audience):
First-Year Undergraduate / GeneralKeywords (Domain):
Physical ChemistryKeywords (Pedagogy):
Hands-On Learning / ManipulativesKeywords (Subject):
Acids / BasesCiting Articles
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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).
Thermodynamics of the [CoCl(iPrOH)3]+ to [CoCl(iPrOH)2(MeOH)3]+ Reaction: A General Chemistry Laboratory Exercise
Frazier Nyasulu, Daniel Nething, Rebecca Barlag, Lindy Wise, and Phyllis ArthaseryJournal of Chemical Education2012 Article ASAPThermodynamics of the [CoCl(iPrOH)3]+ to [CoCl(iPrOH)2(MeOH)3]+ Reaction: A General Chemistry Laboratory Exercise
Frazier Nyasulu, Daniel Nething, Rebecca Barlag, Lindy Wise, and Phyllis ArthaseryJournal of Chemical Education2012 Article ASAPIn this general chemistry laboratory exercise, the absorbance of [CoCl(iPrOH)3]+, where iPrOH is isopropyl alcohol, is used to determine the equilibrium constants for its reaction with methanol to form [CoCl(iPrOH)2(MeOH)3]+ in the temperature range
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- Received: August 03, 2009
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