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Using Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures To Determine the Vapor Pressure of a Volatile Liquid

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Fred R. Hilgeman and Brent Wilson

Department of Chemistry, Southwestern University, Georgetown, TX 78626

Gary Bertrand

Department of Chemistry, University of Missouriâ€“Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409-0010

J. Chem. Educ., 2007, 84 (3), p 469

DOI: 10.1021/ed084p469

Publication Date (Web): March 1, 2007

Section:

History, Education, and Documentation

Abstract

This experiment, designed for a general chemistry laboratory, illustrates the use of Dalton's law of partial pressures to determine the vapor pressure of a volatile liquid. A predetermined volume of air is injected into a calibrated tube filled with a liquid whose vapor pressure is to be measured. The volume of the liquid displaced is greater than the volume of air injected because of the vapor pressure of the liquid. Using Dalton's law of partial pressures, the sum of the partial pressure of the liquid and the air in the tube is directly related to the final volume, allowing the calculation of the vapor pressure of the liquid.

Keywords (Audience):

First-Year Undergraduate / General

Keywords (Domain):

Physical Chemistry

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Gases

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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).

Vapor Pressure Plus: An Experiment for Studying Phase Equilibria in Water, with Observation of Supercooling, Spontaneous Freezing, and the Triple Point
Joel Tellinghuisen
Journal of Chemical Education2010 87 (6), 619-622
- Vapor Pressure Plus: An Experiment for Studying Phase Equilibria in Water, with Observation of Supercooling, Spontaneous Freezing, and the Triple Point
  Joel Tellinghuisen
  Journal of Chemical Education2010 87 (6), 619-622
  Liquid−vapor, solid−vapor, and solid−liquid−vapor equilibria are studied for the pure substance water, using modern equipment that includes specially fabricated glass cells. Samples are evaporatively frozen initially, during which they typically supercool ...
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