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Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Monitoring of the Cyclic Voltammetric Deposition of Polyaniline. A Laboratory Experiment for Undergraduates

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Qingji Xie , Zhili Li , Chunyan Deng , Meiling Liu , Youyu Zhang , Ming Ma , Shaoxi Xia , Xiaoming Xiao , Dulin Yin and Shouzhuo Yao

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China

J. Chem. Educ., 2007, 84 (4), p 681

DOI: 10.1021/ed084p681

Publication Date (Web): April 1, 2007

Section:

History, Education, and Documentation

Abstract

The electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) has been well established as a powerful tool capable of monitoring in situ an electrode-mass change down to the nanogram or sub-monolayer level in an electrochemical process. In this work an EQCM experiment to monitor the cyclic voltammetric deposition of a conducting polyaniline (PANI) thin film on an Au electrode is designed as a research-like laboratory experiment for fourth-year undergraduates. The EQCM provides dynamic and quantitative information of both electrochemistry and PANI-film mass during the electropolymerization of aniline in aqueous HClO₄, providing good understanding of the redox processes of PANI and allowing the current efficiency for PANI deposition and the largest dynamic anion-doping ratio of the leucoemeraldine–emeraldine transition for the prepared PANI to be determined by one single cyclic voltammetric measurement. This experiment is a month-long upper-level project with three-hour laboratory time designed for fourth-year students to learn the EQCM methodology and the chemistry knowledge involved, as well as to improve their literature skill, independent study ability, and scientific research potential.

Keywords (Audience):

Graduate Education / Research

Keywords (Domain):

Analytical Chemistry

Keywords (Pedagogy):

Hands-On Learning / Manipulatives

Keywords (Subject):

Aromatic Compounds

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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).

Layer-by-Layer Assembly of a pH-Responsive and Electrochromic Thin Film
Daniel J. Schmidt, Eric M. Pridgen, Paula T. Hammond and J. Christopher Love
Journal of Chemical Education2010 87 (2), 208-211
- Layer-by-Layer Assembly of a pH-Responsive and Electrochromic Thin Film
  Daniel J. Schmidt, Eric M. Pridgen, Paula T. Hammond and J. Christopher Love
  Journal of Chemical Education2010 87 (2), 208-211
  This article summarizes an experiment on thin-film fabrication with layer-by-layer assembly that is appropriate for undergraduate laboratory courses. The purpose of this experiment is to teach students about self-assembly in the context of thin films and ...
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