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Biotite–Brine Interactions under Acidic Hydrothermal Conditions: Fibrous Illite, Goethite, and Kaolinite Formation and Biotite Surface Cracking

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Yandi Hu, Jessica R. Ray, and Young-Shin Jun*

Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States

Environ. Sci. Technol., 2011, 45 (14), pp 6175–6180

DOI: 10.1021/es200489y

Publication Date (Web): June 23, 2011

Phone: (314) 935-4539; Fax: (314) 935-7211; E-mail: ysjun@seas.wustl.edu.

Section:

Air Pollution and Industrial Hygiene

Abstract

To ensure safe and efficient geologic CO₂ sequestration (GCS), it is crucial to have a better understanding of CO₂–brine–rock interactions under GCS conditions. In this work, using biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH,F)₂) as a model clay mineral, brine-biotite interactions were studied under conditions relevant to GCS sites (95 °C, 102 atm CO₂, and 1 M NaCl solution). After reaction for 3–17 h, fast growth of fibrous illite on flat basal planes of biotite was observed. After 22–70 h reaction, the biotite basal surface cracked, resulting in illite detaching from the surface. Later on (96–120 h), the cracked surface layer was released into solution, thus the inner layer was exposed as a renewed flat basal surface. The cracking and detachment of the biotite surface layer increased the surface area in contact with solution and accelerated biotite dissolution. On biotite edge surfaces, Al-substituted goethite and kaolinite precipitated. In control experiments with water under the same temperature and pressure, neither macroscopic fibrous illite nor cracks were observed. This work provides unique information on biotite-brine interaction under acidic hydrothermal conditions.

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History

Published In Issue July 15, 2011
Article ASAPJune 23, 2011
Received: February 21, 2011
Accepted: June 02, 2011
Revised: May 31, 2011

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Biotite–Brine Interactions under Acidic Hydrothermal Conditions: Fibrous Illite, Goethite, and Kaolinite Formation and Biotite Surface Cracking