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Article

Desulfurization of Commercial Liquid Fuels by Selective Adsorption via π-Complexation with Cu(I)−Y Zeolite

Arturo J. Hernández-Maldonado and Ralph T. Yang*

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2003, 42 (13), pp 3103–3110

DOI: 10.1021/ie0301132

Publication Date (Web): May 15, 2003

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: (734) 936-0771. Fax: (734) 764-7453. E-mail: yang@umich.edu.

Abstract

Desulfurization of commercial gasoline and diesel by a π-complexation adsorbent, Cu(I)−Y zeolite, was studied in a fixed-bed adsorber operated at ambient temperature and pressure. The sulfur contents in the effluents were below (or well below) the detection limit using flame photometric detection (FPD), i.e., below 0.28 ppmw sulfur. Thus, these “sulfur-free” fuels are well suited for fuel cell applications. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that using a thin layer of a guard bed (e.g., activated carbon, AC) could significantly increase the sulfur capacities of the π-complexation sorbent. For a feed gasoline containing 335 ppmw sulfur, Cu(I)−Y produced 14.7 cm³ of sulfur-free gasoline/g of sorbent. When using AC as a guard bed, 19.6 cm³ of sulfur-free gasoline/g of combined sorbent was produced. For the case of diesel fuel, 34.3 cm³ of “sulfur-free” diesel was produced per 1 g of combined sorbent. The π-complexation sorbents have proven to be by far the most sulfur-selective as well as having the highest sulfur capacities. Gas chromatography−FPD results showed that the π-complexation sorbents selectively adsorbed highly substituted thiophenes, benzothiophenes, and dibenzothiophenes from gasoline and diesel, which is not possible by using conventional hydrodesulfurization reactors.

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