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Noninvasive Remote-Controlled Release of Drug Molecules in Vitro Using Magnetic Actuation of Mechanized Nanoparticles

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Courtney R. Thomas^†^‡, Daniel P. Ferris^†^‡, Jae-Hyun Lee^§, Eunjoo Choi^§, Mi Hyeon Cho^§, Eun Sook Kim, J. Fraser Stoddart, Jeon-Soo Shin, Jinwoo Cheon*^§ and Jeffrey I. Zink*^†^‡

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno Seodaemun-Gu, 120-752 Seoul, Korea, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 120-749 Seoul, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132 (31), pp 10623–10625

DOI: 10.1021/ja1022267

Publication Date (Web): July 16, 2010

jcheon@yonsei.ac.kr; zink@chem.ucla.edu, †

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles.

, ‡

California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles.

, §

Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University.

Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University.

Northwestern University.

Section:

Pharmaceuticals

Abstract

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are useful nanomaterials that have demonstrated the ability to contain and release cargos with mediation by gatekeepers. Magnetic nanocrystals have the ability to exhibit hyperthermic effects when placed in an oscillating magnetic field. In a system combining these two materials and a thermally sensitive gatekeeper, a unique drug delivery system can be produced. A novel material that incorporates zinc-doped iron oxide nanocrystals within a mesoporous silica framework that has been surface-modified with pseudorotaxanes is described. Upon application of an AC magnetic field, the nanocrystals generate local internal heating, causing the molecular machines to disassemble and allowing the cargos (drugs) to be released. When breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) were treated with doxorubicin-loaded particles and exposed to an AC field, cell death occurred. This material promises to be a noninvasive, externally controlled drug delivery system with cancer-killing properties.

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