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Ferromagnetic Ordering in Bisthiaselenazolyl Radicals: Variations on a Tetragonal Theme

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Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada, and Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
†University of Waterloo.
‡McMaster University.
Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 44, 14791–14801
Publication Date (Web):October 11, 2008
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja8054436
Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society

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    Abstract

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    A series of five isostructural bisthiaselenazolyl radicals 2 have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures, all belonging to the tetragonal space group P4̅21m, consist of slipped π-stack arrays of undimerized radicals packed about 4̅ centers running along the z-direction, an arrangement which gives rise to a complex lattice-wide network of close intermolecular Se---Se′ contacts. Variations in R1 (Et, Pr, CH2CF3) with R2 = Cl lead to significant changes in the degree of slippage of the π-stacks and hence the proximity of the Se---Se′ interactions. By contrast, variations in R2 (Cl, Br, Me) with R1 = Et induce very little change in either the degree of slippage or the intermolecular contacts. Variable-temperature conductivity (σ) measurements show relatively constant values for the conductivity σ(300 K) (10−5−10−4 S cm−1) and thermal activation energy Eact (0.27−0.31 eV). Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that radicals 2b and 2c (R1 = Pr, CH2CF3; R2 = Cl) behave as weakly antiferromagnetically coupled Curie−Weiss paramagnets, but in 2a, 2d and 2e (R1 = Et; R2 = Cl, Me, Br) ferromagnetic ordering is observed, with Tc values of 12.8 (R2 = Cl), 13.6 (R2 = Me), and 14.1 K (R2 = Br). The origin of the dramatically different magnetic behavior across the series has been explored in terms of a direct through-space mechanism by means of DFT calculations on individual pairwise exchange energies. These indicate that antiferromagnetic exchange between radicals along the π-stacks increases with π-stack slippage.

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    Complete refs 4, 23b, and 53; details of X-ray crystallographic data collection and structure refinement at ambient temperature and 100 K; tables of atomic coordinates, bond distances and angles, anisotropic thermal parameters, and hydrogen atom positions (in CIF format); summaries of DFT calculations of magnetic exchange interactions. This information is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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