Isolating Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Hot Spots Using Multiphoton Lithography

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Abstract

We present a method for improving femtomole-level trace detection (10⁹ molecules) using large-area surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Using multiphoton-induced exposure of a commercial photoresist, we physically limit the available molecular adsorption sites to only the electromagnetic “hot spots” on the substrate. This process prevents molecules from adsorbing to sites of weak SERS enhancement, while permitting adsorption to sites of extraordinary SERS enhancement. For a randomly adsorbed submonolayer of benzenethiol molecules the average Raman scattering cross section of the processed sample is 27 times larger than that of an unprocessed SERS substrate.

Citing Articles

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This article has been cited by 6 ACS Journal articles (5 most recent appear below).

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  Surface-Enhanced Light Emission from Single Hot Spots in Tollens Reaction Silver Nanoparticle Films: Linear versus Nonlinear Optical Excitation

  Nicholas J. Borys and John M. Lupton
  The Journal of Physical Chemistry C2011 115 (28), 13645-13659

  • Surface-Enhanced Light Emission from Single Hot Spots in Tollens Reaction Silver Nanoparticle Films: Linear versus Nonlinear Optical Excitation

    Nicholas J. Borys and John M. Lupton
    The Journal of Physical Chemistry C2011 115 (28), 13645-13659

    The optical properties of fractal silver films grown using the Tollens silver mirror reaction enable highly reproducible single molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). These characteristics are a result of the nanostructure morphology which ...

    Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links
• 

  Self-Assembly of Focal Point Oligo-catechol Ethylene Glycol Dendrons on Titanium Oxide Surfaces: Adsorption Kinetics, Surface Characterization, and Nonfouling Properties

  Torben Gillich, Edmondo M. Benetti, Ekaterina Rakhmatullina, Rupert Konradi, Wen Li, Afang Zhang, A. Dieter Schlüter, and Marcus Textor
  Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (28), 10940-10950

  • Self-Assembly of Focal Point Oligo-catechol Ethylene Glycol Dendrons on Titanium Oxide Surfaces: Adsorption Kinetics, Surface Characterization, and Nonfouling Properties

    Torben Gillich, Edmondo M. Benetti, Ekaterina Rakhmatullina, Rupert Konradi, Wen Li, Afang Zhang, A. Dieter Schlüter, and Marcus Textor
    Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (28), 10940-10950

    This work covers the synthesis of second-generation, ethylene glycol dendrons covalently linked to a surface anchor that contains two, three, or four catechol groups, the molecular assembly in aqueous buffer on titanium oxide surfaces, and the evaluation ...

    Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links
• 

  Growth and Organization of an Organic Molecular Monolayer on TiO₂: Catechol on Anatase (101)

  Li-Min Liu, Shao-Chun Li, Hongzhi Cheng, Ulrike Diebold, and Annabella Selloni
  Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (20), 7816-7823

  • Growth and Organization of an Organic Molecular Monolayer on TiO₂: Catechol on Anatase (101)

    Li-Min Liu, Shao-Chun Li, Hongzhi Cheng, Ulrike Diebold, and Annabella Selloni
    Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (20), 7816-7823

    Anatase TiO2 is a widely used photocatalytic material, and catechol (1,2-benzendiol) is a model organic sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells. The growth and the organization of a catecholate monolayer on the anatase (101) surface were investigated ...

    Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links
• 

  Anchor Group versus Conjugation: Toward the Gap-State Engineering of Functionalized ZnO(101̅0) Surface for Optoelectronic Applications

  Arrigo Calzolari, Alice Ruini, and Alessandra Catellani
  Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (15), 5893-5899

  • Anchor Group versus Conjugation: Toward the Gap-State Engineering of Functionalized ZnO(101̅0) Surface for Optoelectronic Applications

    Arrigo Calzolari, Alice Ruini, and Alessandra Catellani
    Journal of the American Chemical Society2011 133 (15), 5893-5899

    Molecular sensitization of the single-crystal ZnO (101̅0) surface through absorption of the catechol chromophore is investigated by means of density functional approaches. The resulting type II staggered interface is recovered in agreement with ...

    Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links
• 

  Metal-Enhanced Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization with Gold Nanowires

  Sanghee Nah, Linjie Li, Ran Liu, Junjie Hao, Sang Bok Lee and John T. Fourkas
  The Journal of Physical Chemistry C2010 114 (17), 7774-7779

  • Metal-Enhanced Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization with Gold Nanowires

    Sanghee Nah, Linjie Li, Ran Liu, Junjie Hao, Sang Bok Lee and John T. Fourkas
    The Journal of Physical Chemistry C2010 114 (17), 7774-7779

    Metal-enhanced multiphoton absorption polymerization (MEMAP) is studied using gold nanowires with a set of three different photoresists. Photoresists that employ radical and cationic polymerization are investigated. In all cases, MEMAP is strongly ...

    Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links

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