Fast Analysis of Sugars, Fruit Acids, and Vitamin C in Sea Buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) Varieties

Katja M. Tiitinen,*† Baoru Yang,† Gudmundur G. Haraldsson,‡ Sigridur Jonsdottir,‡ and Heikki P. Kallio†§
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry and Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland, and Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54 (7), pp 2508–2513
DOI: 10.1021/jf053177r
Publication Date (Web): March 9, 2006
Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society
*

 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel:  +358 2 3336876. Fax:  +358 2 3336860. E-mail:  katja.tiitinen@utu.fi.

,
†

 Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku.

,
‡

 University of Iceland.

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§

 Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku.

Abstract

A fast, one-step gas chromatographic method was developed to analyze trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of sugars, fruit acids, and ascorbic acid in sea buckthorn (Hippohaë rhamnoides L.) berries. The method was applied to berry press juice of sea buckthorn of different origins grown in Finland during the 2003 and 2004 seasons. The method gave reliable results for d-fructose, d-glucose, ethyl-d-glucose, and malic, quinic, and ascorbic acids, which are the major sugars and acids in sea buckthorn juice. For the first time in sea buckthorn and evidently in any berry, the presence of ethyl β-d-glucopyranoside is reported. The structure of ethyl glucose was verified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), MS, and NMR analyses of both the isolated and the synthesized compounds. In the GC method, vitamin C was analyzed as ascorbic acid only, and dehydroascorbic acid was thus not taken into account.

Keywords: Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.); fruit acids; gas chromatography; sugars; ethyl β-d-glucopyranoside; vitamin C

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History

  • Published In Issue April 05, 2006
  • Received for review December 20, 2005. Revised manuscript received February 9, 2006. Accepted February 9, 2006. ABS graduate school, Employment and Economic Development Centre in Lapland, and Huovin Sora are acknowledged for the financial support.

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