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Distribution of Vitamin E, Squalene, Epicatechin, and Rutin in Common Buckwheat Plants (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)
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Hi-Res PDFAuthor to whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail janak@zf.jcu.cz; telephone +420 387772430; fax +420 387772431).
University of South Bohemia.
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
Abstract
Buckwheat leaves and young parts of the plant are consumed in some countries as a vegetable. Green flour, obtained by milling of the dried plants, is used as a natural food colorant. The distribution of vitamin E, squalene, epicatechin, and rutin (as the most important antioxidants) within buckwheat plants, as well as changes of their content within leaves during the growing season, were determined by GC-MS and HPLC analyses. α-Tocopherol was found as the main component of vitamin E in all parts of the plant; epicatechin and squalene were also detected. For the use of buckwheat as an antioxidant source in the human diet, the most suitable part of the plants seems to be the leaves and the flowers at the stage of full flowering due to the considerable amounts of rutin and epicatechin. α-Tocopherol content correlates positively with temperature, drought, and duration of solar radiation. Certain differences appear among varieties of buckwheat, especially in their squalene and rutin contents.
Keywords: α-Tocopherol; developmental changes; epicatechin; Fagopyrum esculentum; plant parts; rutin; squalene; varieties
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History
- Published In Issue July 26, 2006
- Received for review February 22, 2006. Revised manuscript received May 26, 2006. Accepted May 30, 2006. This work was supported by a grant from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (521/03/D076) and by a research intention of ISBE AS CR (AV0Z60870520).
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