Improved Arsenic Speciation Analysis for Extracts of Commercially Available Edible Marine Algae Using HPLC-ES-MS/MS

Volker Nischwitz and Spiros A. Pergantis*
Department of Chemistry, Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, University of Crete, 71003 Voutes-Heraklion, Crete, Greece
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54 (18), pp 6507–6519
DOI: 10.1021/jf060971j
Publication Date (Web): August 8, 2006
Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society
*

 Corresponding author (e-mail spergantis@chemistry.uoc.gr; telephone 0030 2810 545084; fax 0030 2810 545001).

Abstract

Their increasing commercial availability and their rather high total arsenic contents necessitate a more detailed arsenic speciation analysis of marine algal products. Compared to current HPLC-ICPMS methods, HPLC on-line with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring mode (HPLC-ES-SRM) offers much higher detection selectivity with similarly high sensitivity for most known organoarsenic species. This study demonstrates the advantages of HPLC-ES-SRM for the detection of the main as well as trace arsenic species in extracts of 12 commercially available marine algal powders. The main focus was the unambiguous identification of the detected arsenic species. Four quality control tools were applied for this purpose, including matching chromatographic retention times, comparing SRM transition ratios, recording product ion spectra, and determining accurate masses. As a result, evidence was obtained for the presence of 19 organoarsenic species in the analyzed algal extracts. The method of standard addition was used for quantification. Estimated matrix effects on the analyte signal were similar for most of the investigated arsenic species in extracts of different types of brown algae. This allowed the comparison of the contents of the arsenic species present in the 12 algal extracts on the basis of normalized peak areas. A partial correlation of the arsenic speciation pattern with the algal family or algal order, respectively, was found.

Keywords: Liquid chromatography; electrospray mass spectrometry; selected reaction monitoring; arsenic speciation; marine algae

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History

  • Published In Issue September 06, 2006
  • Received for review April 6, 2006. Revised manuscript received July 7, 2006. Accepted July 7, 2006. We thank the European Commission for funding of a Marie Curie Excellence Grant (Contract MEXT-CT-2003-002788).

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