Proteomic Response to Intracellular Proteins of Monascus pilosus Grown under Phosphate-Limited Complex Medium with Different Growth Rates and Pigment Production

Wun-Yuan Lin,† Yang-Chung Ting,† and Tzu-Ming Pan*‡
Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55 (2), pp 467–474
DOI: 10.1021/jf0622937
Publication Date (Web): December 22, 2006
Copyright © 2007 American Chemical Society
†

 Shih Chien University.

,
*

 To whom correspondence should be addressed (telephone +886-2-3366-4519; fax +886-2-2362-7044; e-mail tmpan@ntu.edu.tw).

,
‡

 National Taiwan University.

Abstract

Monascus pigments are important colorings in food applications. Rice containing potassium phosphate and sodium nitrate was reported as a good pigment-producing medium for Monascus in previous studies. We found that the lack of potassium phosphate in this medium depressed red pigment production in cultivated Monascus pilosus. However, the influence of phosphate limitation on the biochemical metabolisms concerning culture growth and pigment production in Monascus remains unknown. Here, we used proteomic analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and database interrogation to separate and identify the proteins of M. pilosus grown between the lack of potassium phosphate and the control media. Phosphate limitation to this complex medium induced an up-regulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase and several glycolytic enzymes in Monascus relative to the control. In contrast, the metabolic enzymes such as glucosamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase and ADP-ribosylation factor 1 were up-regulated in the control.

Keywords: Monascus pilosus; food pigments; protein extraction; proteomics

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History

  • Published In Issue January 24, 2007
  • Received for review August 9, 2006. Revised manuscript received October 10, 2006. Accepted October 10, 2006.

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