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Essential Oils, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

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Iness Bettaieb*, Soumaya Bourgou, Wissem Aidi Wannes, Ibtissem Hamrouni, Ferid Limam, and Brahim Marzouk

Laboratoire des Substances Bioactives Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj-Cédria (CBBC), BP 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

J. Agric. Food Chem., 2010, 58 (19), pp 10410–10418

DOI: 10.1021/jf102248j

Publication Date (Web): September 1, 2010

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Telephone: +21697547029. Fax: +21679412638. E-mail: rosainess@yahoo.fr.

Abstract

Cuminum cyminum L. roots, stems and leaves, and flowers were investigated for their essential oils, total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins contents, individual phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. The essential oil was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS), whereas identification and quantification of individual target polyphenolic compounds was performed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Essential oil yields were 0.03% in roots, 0.1% in stem and leaves, and 1.7% in flowers. Major components of the oils were bornyl acetate (23%), α-terpinene (34%), and γ-terpinene (51%) in roots, stems and leaves, and flowers, respectively. In all C. cyminum organs, total phenolics content ranged from 11.8 to 19.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight (mg of GAE/g of DW). Among the polyphenols studied, 13 were identified in roots, 17 in stem and leaves, and 15 in flowers. The major phenolic compound in the roots was quercetin (26%), whereas in the stems and leaves, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, trans-2-dihydrocinnamic acids and resorcinol were predominant. In the flowers, vanillic acid was the main compound (51%). The antioxidant activities of C. cyminum essential oils and acetone extracts obtained from the three organs were assessed using four tests [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene/linoleic acid, reducing power, and chelating power assays]. The acetone extract of flowers was strongly effective as a DPPH radical scavenger, lipid peroxidation inhibitor, and reducing agent, with IC₅₀ values of 4, 32, and 8 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the acetone extract of stems and leaves showed the highest chelating power. However, the essential oils exhibited moderate activities in the different tests.

Keywords (keywords):

Cuminum cyminum L.; organs; essential oil; phenolics; antioxidant activities

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This article has been cited by 1 ACS Journal articles (1 most recent appear below).

Water-Deficit Impact on Fatty Acid and Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Aerial Parts
Iness Bettaieb, Sana Knioua, Ibtissem Hamrouni, Ferid Limam, and Brahim Marzouk
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2011 59 (1), 328-334
- Water-Deficit Impact on Fatty Acid and Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Aerial Parts
  Iness Bettaieb, Sana Knioua, Ibtissem Hamrouni, Ferid Limam, and Brahim Marzouk
  Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2011 59 (1), 328-334
  This study is designed to examine the effect of water deficit on growth, fatty acid and essential oil composition, and antioxidant activities of Cuminum cyminum aerial part extracts. Plants were treated with different levels of water deficit: control (C), ...
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