Perspective

Rings in Drugs

Miniperspective

UCB, 216 Bath Road, Slough, SL1 3WE, U.K.
Bohicket Pharma Consulting LLC, 2556 Seabrook Island Road, Seabrook Island, South Carolina 29455, United States
J. Med. Chem., 2014, 57 (14), pp 5845–5859
DOI: 10.1021/jm4017625
Publication Date (Web): January 28, 2014
Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society
*E-mail: rich.taylor@ucb.com. Phone: +44(0)1753 807425.
Biography

Richard D. Taylor obtained his M.Chem. in 1997 and Ph.D. (with Prof. Jonathan W. Essex on flexible docking of small molecules) in 2001 from the University of Southampton, U.K., supported by AstraZeneca. In 2001 he joined Astex Pharmaceuticals, where he was involved in virtual screening, docking software development, fragment library design, and fragment based drug discovery, working on successful oncology projects that have entered clinical trials. He moved to UCB in 2005 and is now a Principal Scientist in the Computer-Aided Drug Design group, involved in a range of drug discovery programs for inflammation and CNS disease areas. This has included leading a protein–protein interaction project for inflammation, and he currently leads the fragment technology project at UCB.

Biography

Malcolm MacCoss obtained his B.Sc. in Chemistry (1968) and his Ph.D. (1971, with Professors A. S. Jones and R. T. Walker) from the University of Birmingham, U.K. He then completed postdoctoral work at the University of Alberta, Canada, with Professor M. J. Robins. From 1976 to 1982, he worked at Argonne National Laboratory, U.S., on structural studies of nucleic acid components by NMR methods and novel prodrug approaches for nucleoside anticancer drugs. In 1982 he joined Merck Research Laboratories in Rahway, NJ, leaving in 2008 as Vice President for Basic Chemistry. He joined Schering-Plough as Group Vice President for Chemical Research and left in 2010 to found Bohicket Pharma Consulting LLC. He was appointed Visiting Professor of Chemistry for Medicine at the University of Oxford, U.K., in 2013.

Biography

Alastair D. G. Lawson was awarded a First in Biology at the University of Southampton in 1980. In 1983 he completed his Ph.D. at the Tenovus Research Laboratory at Southampton General Hospital, where he worked with Professor George Stevenson on anti-idiotype-based therapy for B cell leukemia. He joined Celltech as a research scientist in 1983 and has been closely involved with the discovery of many therapeutic antibodies, including Mylotarg, Cimzia, CMC-544, romosozumab, and olokizumab. Alastair led the development of UCB’s proprietary antibody variable region discovery platform. As Research Fellow and Vice President of Structural Biology, he currently heads UCB’s A2HiT initiative, in which information derived from antibodies is being applied to the discovery of new generations of small molecules addressing protein–protein interactions.

Abstract

Abstract Image

We have analyzed the rings, ring systems, and frameworks in drugs listed in the FDA Orange Book to understand the frequency, timelines, molecular property space, and the application of these rings in different therapeutic areas and target classes. This analysis shows that there are only 351 ring systems and 1197 frameworks in drugs that came onto the market before 2013. Furthermore, on average six new ring systems enter drug space each year and approximately 28% of new drugs contain a new ring system. Moreover, it is very unusual for a drug to contain more than one new ring system and the majority of the most frequently used ring systems (83%) were first used in drugs developed prior to 1983. These observations give insight into the chemical novelty of drugs and potentially efficient ways to assess compound libraries and develop compounds from hit identification to lead optimization and beyond.

Supporting Information


A3 pdf poster of the complete ring systems in drugs, sorted by frequency and then molecular weight. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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Article Views: 15,332 Times
Received 14 November 2013
Published online 28 January 2014
Published in print 24 July 2014
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