Perspective

A Survey of the Role of Noncovalent Sulfur Interactions in Drug Design

Department of Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway Wallingford Connecticut 06492, United States
Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway Wallingford Connecticut 06492, United States
§ Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks California 91320, United States
J. Med. Chem., 2015, 58 (11), pp 4383–4438
DOI: 10.1021/jm501853m
Publication Date (Web): March 3, 2015
Copyright © 2015 American Chemical Society
*Phone: 203-677-6679. Fax: 203-677-7884. E-mail: Nicholas.Meanwell@bms.com.
Biography

Brett R. Beno received his Ph.D. degree in 1997 from the University of California, Los Angeles, under the supervision of Professor K. N. Houk. He remained in Professor Houk’s group as a postdoctoral scholar until joining the Computer Assisted Drug Design department at Bristol-Myers Squibb in 1998. At BMS, he has contributed to many drug discovery programs in the areas of neuroscience and virology and is currently a coleader of a drug discovery team focused on HIV.

Biography

Kap-Sun Yeung is a Principal Scientist in the Discovery Chemistry Division at Bristol-Myers Squibb. He has expertise in antiviral drug discovery and key contributions to the HIV-1 attachment inhibitor and HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor projects at Bristol-Myers Squibb, both of which have progressed compounds into phase II clinical studies. He obtained his Ph.D. in organic synthesis from Cambridge University in the United Kingdom and performed postdoctoral research at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla before joining Bristol-Myers Squibb.

Biography

Michael D. Bartberger received his undergraduate degree in Chemistry at the University of Central Florida in 1992. After obtaining his Ph.D. in Experimental and Theoretical Physical Organic Chemistry at the University of Florida with Professor W. R. Dolbier, Jr., he moved to the University of California, Los Angeles, as a National Institutes of Health postdoctoral fellow, furthering his studies in theoretical organic chemistry and chemical biology in the research group of Professor K. N. Houk. In 2001, he joined Amgen where he is currently a Principal Scientist in the Computational Chemistry division of Therapeutic Discovery and contributor to research efforts ranging from oncology and metabolic disorders to inflammation and neuroscience.

Biography

Lewis D. Pennington is a Principal Scientist in the Medicinal Chemistry group at Amgen in Thousand Oaks, California. Prior to joining Amgen in 2003, he worked at Array BioPharma in Boulder, CO, after receiving a Ph.D. in Chemistry under the mentorship of Professor Larry E. Overman at the University of California, Irvine, in 2002. Preceding his graduate studies, he was employed for three years in the Medicinal Chemistry department at Eli Lilly & Co. in Indianapolis, IN, after earning a B.S. in Chemistry (with Highest Honors in Chemistry) from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 1993 under the guidance of Professor Masato Koreeda.

Biography

Nicholas A. Meanwell received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, under the supervision of Dr. D. Neville Jones and conducted postdoctoral studies at Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, in collaboration with Professor Carl R. Johnson. He joined Bristol-Myers Squibb in 1982, where he has supervised teams that have advanced clinical candidates in several areas of antiviral drug discovery, including BMY-433771, an inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus fusion, the HIV-1 attachment inhibitor BMS-626529 that is being developed as the prodrug BMS-663068, the HCV NS3 protease inhibitor asunaprevir, the HCV NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir, and the HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor beclabuvir.

Abstract

Abstract Image

Electron deficient, bivalent sulfur atoms have two areas of positive electrostatic potential, a consequence of the low-lying σ* orbitals of the C–S bond that are available for interaction with electron donors including oxygen and nitrogen atoms and, possibly, π-systems. Intramolecular interactions are by far the most common manifestation of this effect, which offers a means of modulating the conformational preferences of a molecule. Although a well-documented phenomenon, a priori applications in drug design are relatively sparse and this interaction, which is often isosteric with an intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interaction, appears to be underappreciated by the medicinal chemistry community. In this Perspective, we discuss the theoretical basis for sulfur σ* orbital interactions and illustrate their importance in the context of drug design and organic synthesis. The role of sulfur interactions in protein structure and function is discussed and although relatively rare, intermolecular interactions between ligand C–S σ* orbitals and proteins are illustrated.

Citation data is made available by participants in CrossRef's Cited-by Linking service. For a more comprehensive list of citations to this article, users are encouraged to perform a search in SciFinder.

Metrics

Article Views: 9,148 Times
Received 1 December 2014
Published online 3 March 2015
Published in print 11 June 2015
Learn more about these metrics Article Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.

The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated.
+
More Article Metrics
Explore by: