Efficient and Reusable PdCl₂(MeCN)₂/CuCl₂/PEG-400 System for Cyclization of Alkenyl β-Keto Esters and Amides

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Abstract

PEG-400 [poly(ethylene glycol-400)] was found as an effective medium for the PdCl₂(MeCN)₂-catalyzed hydroalkylation cyclization of alkenyl β-keto esters and amides. In PEG-400, no additives such as Me₃SiCl and Ln(OTf)₃ were required for the complete conversion of alkenyl β-keto esters. The results also showed that CuCl₂ could promote the reaction. In the presence of PdCl₂(MeCN)₂, CuCl₂, and PEG-400, various alkenyl β-keto esters and amides underwent a selective cyclization reaction to give good to excellent yields of the desired six-membered-ring carbocycles. Furthermore, the PdCl₂(MeCN)₂/CuCl₂/PEG-400 system could be recycled and reused five times without any loss of catalytic activity.

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