Influence of Peripheral Groups on the Physical and Chemical Behavior of Cinchona Alkaloids

Jinfeng Lai, Zhen Ma, Larry Mink, Leonard J. Mueller and Francisco Zaera*
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
J. Phys. Chem. B, 2009, 113 (34), pp 11696–11701
DOI: 10.1021/jp906538g
Publication Date (Web): August 5, 2009
Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zaera@ucr.edu., †

Permanent address: Department of Chemistry, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407.

Abstract

Abstract Image

While cinchona alkaloids play a key role in many applications, from medicine to catalysis, there is not yet a complete understanding of the reasons for their unique chemical behavior. Past studies have identified the chiral pocket formed by the two main constituting moieties of the cinchona, the quinoline and quinuclidine rings, as the main factor determining their physiological and enatioselective reactivity. That explanation, however, does not account for the differences observed among similar cinchona alkaloids. Here we show that subtle changes in the position of the substituent groups outside the central chiral pocket explain the disparities observed in basic physicochemical properties between pairs of near-enantiomers (quinine vs quinidine, cinchonidine vs cinchonine) such as crystal structure, solubility, and adsorption equilibrium. Both energetic and entropic factors need to be considered to fully account for the trends observed.

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History

  • Published In Issue August 27, 2009
  • Article ASAPAugust 05, 2009
  • Received: July 10, 2009

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