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Using Nonuniform Electric Fields To Accelerate the Transport of Viruses to Surfaces from Media of Physiological Ionic Strength

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Aristides Docoslis,*^† Luis A. Tercero Espinoza,^‡ Bingbing Zhang,^† Li-Lin Cheng,^§ Barbara A. Israel,^§ Paschalis Alexandridis,*^‖ and Nicholas L. Abbott*^‡

Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University at Kingston, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Veterinary School, University of Wisconsin

Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260

Langmuir, 2007, 23 (7), pp 3840–3848

DOI: 10.1021/la061486l

Publication Date (Web): February 27, 2007

Section:

Biochemical Methods

Abstract

Nonuniform ac (alternating current) electric fields created by microelectrodes are investigated for their influence on the transport of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) from aqueous suspensions of physiological ionic strength to surfaces on which the VSV is captured. Whereas passive diffusion did not lead to detectable levels of virus captured on a surface when using titers of VSV as high as 10⁷ PFU/mL, nonuniform electric field-mediated transport led to the detection of 10⁵ PFU/mL of virus in 2 min. An order-of-magnitude analysis of the time scales associated with virus transport to the microelectrodes inside media of physiological relevance indicates that electrothermal fluid flow (and the resulting viscous drag forces on the virus) rather than dielectrophoresis likely constitutes the major mechanism for virus transport far from the electrodes. The influence of dielectrophoresis was calculated to be confined to a region within a few micrometers of the electrodes and to lead to collection patterns of both virus and fluorescently labeled particles near the electrodes that were found to be in qualitative agreement with experiments. These observations and conclusions are discussed within a theoretical framework presented in the paper. The results presented in this work, when combined, suggest that ac electrokinetic phenomena can be used to expeditiously transport and capture viruses onto surfaces from solutions of high ionic strength, thus providing a potentially useful approach to addressing a bottleneck in the development of devices that allow for rapid sampling and detection of infectious biological agents.

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This article has been cited by 2 ACS Journal articles (2 most recent appear below).

Particle Trapping in High-Conductivity Media with Electrothermally Enhanced Negative Dielectrophoresis
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- Particle Trapping in High-Conductivity Media with Electrothermally Enhanced Negative Dielectrophoresis
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  Analytical Chemistry2009 81 (6), 2303-2310
  We demonstrate negative dielectrophoresis (DEP) trapping of particles from high-conductivity media using a novel planar microelectrode that allows electrothermal enhancement of DEP traps. DEP force and electrothermal flow motion are investigated using a ...
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Tunable Filtration Media Employing Alternating Current Electrokinetics
Shahnawaz Molla and Subir Bhattacharjee
Langmuir2008 24 (11), 5659-5662
- Tunable Filtration Media Employing Alternating Current Electrokinetics
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  Separation of colloidal particles from aqueous media by barrier filtration is typically dictated by sieving mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that colloid filtration by porous membranes can be considerably augmented by suitably superimposing an alternating ...
  Abstract | Full Text HTML | Hi-Res PDF | PDF w/ Links