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Soybean Charcoal Rot Disease Fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in Mississippi Produces the Phytotoxin (−)-Botryodiplodin but No Detectable Phaseolinone

Supporting Info

Mohammad Ramezani,^† W. Thomas Shier,*^† Hamed K. Abbas,^‡ Jennifer L. Tonos,^‡ Richard E. Baird,^§ and Gabriel L. Sciumbato

Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, Crop Genetics & Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, and Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776

J. Nat. Prod., 2007, 70 (1), pp 128–129

DOI: 10.1021/np060480t

Publication Date (Web): January 6, 2007

†

University of Minnesota.

Corresponding author. Tel: 1-612-624-9465. Fax: 1-612-624-0139. E-mail: shier001@umn.edu.

‡

ARS, USDA, Stoneville.

Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University.

Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University.

Abstract

Research on charcoal rot disease in soybeans, and approximately 500 other plant diseases caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, has been severely hampered by unavailability of phaseolinone (1), an eremophilane sesquiterpenoid phytotoxin proposed to facilitate initial infection. Phytotoxin produced in cultures of disease-causing M. phaseolina isolated in Mississippi, and purified in a manner similar to that reported for 1, was shown to be (−)-botryodiplodin (2), a readily synthesized mycotoxin previously isolated from Botryodiplodia theobromae cultures. Phaseolinone was not detected, suggesting that 2 may be the phytotoxin that facilitates infection. The availability of 2 should facilitate studies on its role in plant disease.

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