Catalytic Generation of Activated Carboxylates from Enals:  A Product-Determining Role for the Base

Stephanie S. Sohn and Jeffrey W. Bode*
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93101
Org. Lett., 2005, 7 (18), pp 3873–3876
DOI: 10.1021/ol051269w
Publication Date (Web): August 10, 2005
Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society
*

In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.

, bode@chem.ucsb.edu

Abstract

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N-Heterocycle carbenes generated in situ from imidazolium or triazolium salts and bases react with enals, leading to the catalytic generation of homoenolates. The fate of these intermediates is determined by the catalytic base:  strong bases such as tBuOK lead to carbon−carbon bond formation, while weaker bases allow protonation of the homoenolate and subsequent generation of activated carboxylates. This discovery, along with the design of a new triazolium precatalyst, enables the catalytic, atom-economical redox esterification of enals.

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History

  • Published In Issue September 01, 2005
  • Received May 30, 2005

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