Prefractionation of Proteome by Liquid Isoelectric Focusing Prior to Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometric Identification

Due to the complexity of proteomes, developing methods of sample fractionation, separation, concentration, and detection have become urgent to the identification of large numbers of proteins, as well as the acquisition of those proteins in low abundance. In this work, liquid isoelectric focusing (LIEF) combined with 2D-LC−MS/MS was applied to the proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This yielded a total of 1795 proteins that were detected and identified by 30 fractions of protein prefractioantion. Categorization of these hits demonstrated the ability of this technology to detect and identify proteins rarely seen in proteome analysis without protein fractiontion. LIEF-2D-LC−MS/MS also produced improved resolution of low-abundance proteins. Furthermore, we analyzed the characteristics of proteins obtained by LIEF-2D-LC−MS/MS. 1103 proteins with CAI under 0.2 were identified, allowing us to specifically obtain detailed biochemical information on these kind proteins. It was observed that LIEF-2D-LC−MS/MS is useful for large-scale proteome analysis and may be specifically applied to systems with wide dynamic ranges.

Keywords: large-scale proteome • fractionation • liquid isoelectric focusing (LIEF) • 2D-LC−MS/MS • low-abundance proteins