Identification of N-Glycosylation Sites on Secreted Proteins of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells with a Complementary Proteomics Approach

Jing Cao, Chengping Shen, Hong Wang, Huali Shen, Yaohan Chen, Aiying Nie, Guoquan Yan, Haojie Lu, Yinkun Liu*§ and Pengyuan Yang*
Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Institutes for Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
J. Proteome Res., 2009, 8 (2), pp 662–672
DOI: 10.1021/pr800826u
Publication Date (Web): January 13, 2009
Copyright © 2009 American Chemical Society
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mails: (P.Y.) pyyang@fudan.edu.cn; (Y.L.) liu.yinkun@zs-hospital.sh.cn., †

Department of Chemistry, Fudan University.

, ‡

Institutes for Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University.

, §

Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University.

This article is part of the Glycoproteomics special issue.

Abstract

Abstract Image

N-linked glycosylation is prevalent in proteins destined for extracellular environments; nearly all secreted proteins are glycosylated. However, with respect to their glycosylation sites, little attention has been paid. Here, we report the analysis of N-glycosylation sites on secreted proteins of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. For the enrichment of glycopeptides, capture methods with hydrophilic affinity (HA) and hydrazide chemistry (HC) were used complementarily. With the use of both methods in combination with nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, 300 different glycosylation sites within 194 unique glycoproteins were identified, and 172 glycosites have not been determined experimentally previously. A direct comparison between HA and HC methods was also investigated for the first time. In brief, in terms of selectivity for glycopeptides, HC is superior to HA (92.9% vs 51.3%); however, based on the number of glycosites identified, HA outweighs HC (265 vs 159). Furthermore, unavoidable contaminants such as actin and bovine serum albumin which are not N-glycosylated could be easily depleted by using this glycoproteomic strategy. As a consequence, more low-abundance and genuinely secreted proteins were identified. Among the glycoproteins identified, α-fetoprotein, CD44 and laminin have been reported to be implicated in HCC and its metastasis.

Keywords:

N-glycosylation; Secreted proteins; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Mass spectrometry; Glycopeptide-capture; Hydrophilic affinity; Hydrazide chemistry; LTQ-Orbitrap

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History

  • Published In Issue February 06, 2009
  • Article ASAPJanuary 13, 2009
  • Received: October 1, 2008

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