Chemical & Engineering News
June 23, 1997
Copyright © 1997 by the American Chemical Society
WESTERN EUROPEAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY TRENDS: Production up, sales mixed in 1996
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GERMANY | |||||
| Sales | $113.8 | $108.8 | $116.5 | $119.7 | $116.7 |
| Exports | 57.9 | 55.1 | 63.1 | 66.5 | na |
| Imports | 37.9 | 32.7 | 37.3 | 41.2 | na |
| Capital spending | 9.5 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.2 |
| Production indexa | 103.1 | 101.0 | 105.2 | 110.2 | 109.1 |
| Price indexa | 97.5 | 95.4 | 97.0 | 101.4 | 97.8 |
| Employees (thousands) | 655 | 609 | 570 | 536 | 518 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | FRANCEb |
| Sales | $71.3 | $72.1 | $77.1 | $82.5 | $95.8 |
| Exports | 30.6 | 31.0 | 35.2 | 39.8 | 41.2 |
| Imports | 25.7 | 23.9 | 27.9 | 31.9 | 32.1 |
| Capital spending | 4.2 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 |
| Production indexa | 108.4 | 110.5 | 117.0 | 115.7 | 119.3 |
| Price indexa | 98.8 | 96.8 | 97.1 | 101.4 | 100.0 |
| Employees (thousands) | 260 | 255 | 250 | 246 | 243 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| U.K. | |||||
| Sales | 46.1 | $51.5 | $55.4 | $54.4 | $56.0 |
| Exports | 23.5 | 27.6 | 29.5 | 34.2 | 35.8 |
| Imports | 18.3 | 20.8 | 22.3 | 28.7 | 28.9 |
| Capital spending | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
| Production indexa | 107.2 | 107.4 | 112.9 | 117.6 | 120.0 |
| Price indexa | 105.7 | 110.6 | 113.4 | 120.0 | 121.2 |
| Employees (thousands) | 305 | 293 | 237 | 252 | 250 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| ITALY | |||||
| Sales | $41.5 | $43.4 | $46.7 | $53.8 | $53.1 |
| Exports | 11.3 | 13.9 | 16.1 | 20.0 | 20.2 |
| Imports | 18.2 | 19.6 | 23.6 | 29.4 | 29.5 |
| Capital spending | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| Production indexa | 95.8 | 97.2 | 100.5 | 103.6 | 105.8 |
| Price indexa | 97.5 | 104.9 | 110.4 | 125.8 | 123.6 |
| Employees (thousands) | 208 | 200 | 193 | 191 | 190 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| BELGIUMc,d | |||||
| Sales | $30.8 | $30.5 | $33.9 | $37.0 | $38.1 |
| Exports | 23.6 | 25.8 | 30.3 | 34.3 | 34.8 |
| Imports | 19.7 | 20.2 | 22.2 | 25.0 | 25.9 |
| Capital spending | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Production indexa | 108.9 | 106.9 | 107.2 | 112.9 | 115.5 |
| Price indexa | 98.7 | 98.1 | 100.9 | 107.8 | 105.6 |
| Employees (thousands) | 99 | 97 | 94 | 93 | 91 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| SPAIN | |||||
| Sales | $23.4 | $23.5 | $27.2 | $31.4 | $31.0 |
| Exports | 4.1 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
| Imports | 8.6 | 9.3 | 11.8 | 14.4 | 14.9 |
| Capital spending | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
| Production indexa | 82.5 | 93.4 | 112.1 | 115.0 | 115.3 |
| Price indexa | 88.5 | 100.7 | 105.6 | 118.9 | 116.9 |
| Employees (thousands) | 129 | 125 | 122 | 120 | 120 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| NETHERLANDS | |||||
| Sales | $25.6 | $23.6 | $26.6 | $29.8 | $29.2 |
| Exports | 24.9 | 22.9 | 27.3 | 30.7 | 29.8 |
| Imports | 16.0 | 15.8 | 17.7 | 20.0 | 20.4 |
| Capital spending | 2.0 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
| Production indexa | 99.1 | 94.0 | 99.0 | 109.0 | 110.0 |
| Price indexa | 97.8 | 91.0 | 98.0 | 99.0 | 96.0 |
| Employees (thousands) | 89 | 85 | 81 | 81 | 79 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| SWITZERLANDb | |||||
| Sales | $19.4 | $20.6 | $22.7 | $23.8 | $25.4 |
| Exports | 17.1 | 18.0 | 18.9 | 19.4 | 20.9 |
| Imports | 9.2 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 10.9 |
| Production indexa | 104.4 | 112.7 | 129.1 | 141.9 | 157.8 |
| Price indexa | 100.2 | 102.8 | 99.0 | 95.5 | 92.3 |
| Employees (thousands) | 72 | 72 | 70 | 70 | 69 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| HUNGARY | |||||
| Sales | $5.3 | $5.8 | $7.8 | $11.5 | $13.8 |
| Exports | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 7.2 |
| Imports | 3.6 | 4.4 | 6.4 | 9.0 | 10.7 |
| Capital spending | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| Production indexa | 66.8 | 71.3 | 75.3 | 76.3 | 77.2 |
| Price indexa | 153.1 | 163.0 | 194.1 | 255.0 | 326.9 |
| Employees (thousands) | 59 | 57 | 56 | 53 | 51 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| SWEDEN | |||||
| Sales | $7.3 | $8.3 | $8.8 | $10.3 | $10.6 |
| Exports | 4.5 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 7.4 |
| Imports | 4.6 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 7.1 |
| Capital spending | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
| Production indexa | 99.1 | 115.5 | 145.9 | 136.2 | 146.2 |
| Price indexa | 101.6 | 107.0 | 115.2 | 132.3 | 132.2 |
| Employees (thousands) | 37 | 36 | 30 | 32 | 32 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| IRELAND | |||||
| Sales | $5.8 | $6.3 | $8.3 | $8.8 | na |
| Exports | 5.1 | 5.6 | 7.6 | 8.1 | $10.4 |
| Imports | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 4.4 |
| Production indexa | 142.9 | 156.8 | 187.5 | 217.4 | 247.8 |
| Price indexa | 100.0 | 107.0 | 106.5 | 109.1 | 110.3 |
| Employees (thousands) | 15 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| TURKEYb | |||||
| Sales | $0.5 | $0.6 | $1.9 | $3.9 | $7.3 |
| Exports | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | na |
| Imports | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 2.1 | na |
| Capital spending | 0 | 0 | na | na | na |
| Production indexa | 100.0 | 108.4 | na | 117.6 | na |
| Price indexa | 132.0 | 196.0 | 632.0 | 1,135.0 | na |
| Employees (thousands) | 39 | 38 | 41 | 45 | 45 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| POLAND | |||||
| Sales | $2.4 | $4.3 | $4.1 | $6.0 | $6.8 |
| Exports | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.7 | na |
| Imports | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 4.5 | na |
| Capital spending | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | na |
| Production indexa | 88.2 | 93.6 | 109.9 | 123.7 | 130.2 |
| Price indexa | 165.9 | 220.5 | 259.0 | 341.0 | 363.0 |
| Employees (thousands) | 160 | 135 | 137 | 140 | 137 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| AUSTRIA | |||||
| Sales | $5.8 | $5.5 | $5.7 | $6.0 | $6.0 |
| Exports | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 5.0 | na |
| Imports | 5.5 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 6.7 | na |
| Capital spending | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| Production indexa | 101.3 | 98.2 | 105.5 | 113.9 | na |
| Employees (thousands) | 33 | 50 | 49 | 49 | na |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| DENMARK | |||||
| Sales | $5.1 | $5.1 | $5.2 | $5.5 | $5.7 |
| Exports | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.3 |
| Imports | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 |
| Capital spending | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | na |
| Production indexa | 107.0 | 109.0 | 122.0 | 134.2 | 139.3 |
| Price indexa | 97.7 | 100.5 | 105.0 | 106.5 | 107.8 | Employees (thousands) | 27 | 28 | 29 | 28 | na |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| FINLAND | |||||
| Sales | $3.5 | $3.9 | $4.4 | $4.7 | na |
| Exports | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.3 | $2.5 |
| Imports | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 |
| Capital spending | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | na |
| Production indexa | 92.9 | 93.5 | 108.4 | 111.4 | 110.7 |
| Price indexa | 104.5 | 107.1 | 109.1 | 114.4 | 113.4 |
| Employees (thousands) | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | na |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| PORTUGAL | |||||
| Sales | $3.9 | $3.4 | $3.3 | $4.3 | $4.5 |
| Exports | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Imports | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
| Production indexa | 82.0 | 72.8 | 73.6 | 72.0 | 72.8 |
| Price indexa | 101.4 | 103.1 | 112.5 | 117.6 | 117.0 |
| Employees (thousands) | 29 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| NORWAY | |||||
| Sales | $3.4 | $3.5 | $3.8 | $4.3 | $4.3 |
| Exports | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.8 |
| Imports | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
| Capital spending | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Production indexa | 96.4 | 100.3 | 103.8 | 105.5 | 106.7 |
| Price indexa | 97.7 | 100.5 | 102.4 | 106.4 | 109.5 |
| Employees (thousands) | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 14 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| CZECH REPUBLIC | |||||
| Sales | $1.9 | $1.8 | $2.8 | $3.2 | $3.5 |
| Exports | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
| Imports | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.3 |
| Capital spending | na | na | 0.4 | 0.3 | na |
| Production indexa | 65.2 | 63.5 | 65.9 | 64.4 | 74.2 |
| Price indexa | 193.4 | 196.7 | 202.5 | 235.5 | 241.8 |
| Employees (thousands) | 48 | 44 | 43 | 49 | 47 |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| GREECEb | |||||
| Sales | $2.4 | $2.6 | $2.8 | $3.4 | na |
| Exports | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | na |
| Imports | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.9 | na |
| Capital spending | 0.1 | na | na | 0 | $0 |
| Production indexa | 92.5 | 95.5 | 97.4 | 125.0 | 132.0 |
| Price indexa | 132.3 | 145.6 | 159.0 | 160.0 | 168.0 |
| Employees (thousands) | 19 | 18 | 18 | 19 | na |
| $ Billions | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| SLOVAKIA | |||||
| Sales | $2.7 | $2.8 | $1.1 | $1.3 | $1.3 |
| Exports | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Imports | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Capital spending | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Production indexa | na | 63.0 | 65.5 | 81.1 | 83.5 |
| Price indexa | na | 207.2 | 225.9 | 261.6 | 267.8 |
| Employees (thousands) | na | 29 | 28 | 27 | 27 |
Note: Monetary statistics for all years are converted from local currency to U.S. dollars on the basis of 1996 converson rates as follows: $1.00 = 10.59 Austrian schillings; 30.96 Belgian francs; 27.15 Czech crowns; 5.80 Danish crowns; 4.59 Finnish marks; 5.12 French francs; 1.50 German marks; 241 Greek drachmas; 35.22 Hungarian forints; 0.625 Irish pounds; 1,543 Italian lire; 1.69 Dutch guilders; 6.45 Norwegian crowns; 2.673 Polish zlotys; 154 Portuguese escudos; 30.65 Slovakian crowns; 127 Spanish pesetas; 6.71 Swedish crowns; 1.24 Swiss francs; 81,405 Turkish liras; and 0.640 British pounds. a 1990 = 100. b Excludes fibers. c Luxemburg included in Belgium exports and imports. d Includes rubber and plastic products. na = not available. Source: European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC)
