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Label-Free Detection and Discrimination of Bacterial Pathogens Based on Hemin Recognition
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    Label-Free Detection and Discrimination of Bacterial Pathogens Based on Hemin Recognition
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    Department of Chemistry and Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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    Bioconjugate Chemistry

    Cite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 2016, 27, 7, 1713–1722
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00236
    Published June 23, 2016
    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

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    Hemin linked to hexa(ethylene glycol)bishydrazide was patterned by inkjet printing into periodic microarrays, and evaluated for their ability to capture bacterial pathogens expressing various hemin receptors. Bacterial adhesion was imaged under darkfield conditions with Fourier analysis, supporting a label-free method of pathogen detection. Hemin microarrays were screened against a panel of 16 bacteria and found capable of capturing multiple species, some with limits of detection as low as 103 cfu/mL. Several Gram-positive strains including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis also exhibited rapid adhesion, enabling pattern recognition within minutes of exposure. This can be attributed to differences in hemin acquisition systems: aggressively adherent bacteria express cell-surface hemin receptors (CSHRs) that enable direct hemin binding and uptake, whereas other types of bacteria including most Gram-negative strains rely on the secretion and recapture of soluble proteins (hemophores) for hemin acquisition, with consequently longer times for ligand binding and detection.

    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

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    Bioconjugate Chemistry

    Cite this: Bioconjugate Chem. 2016, 27, 7, 1713–1722
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00236
    Published June 23, 2016
    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

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