Nitrogen-Doping Through Two-Step Pyrolysis of Polyacrylonitrile on Graphite Felts for Vanadium Redox Flow BatteriesClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Sang Jun Yoon*Sang Jun Yoon*Email: [email protected]Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South KoreaTransfercentre Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, GermanyMore by Sang Jun Yoon
- Sangwon KimSangwon KimBio Sensor Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST−EU), Saarbrücken 66123, GermanyMore by Sangwon Kim
- Dong Kyu KimDong Kyu KimSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South KoreaMore by Dong Kyu Kim
- Duk Man YuDuk Man YuEnergy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South KoreaMore by Duk Man Yu
- Rolf HempelmannRolf HempelmannTransfercentre Sustainable Electrochemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, GermanyMore by Rolf Hempelmann
- Young Taik HongYoung Taik HongEnergy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South KoreaMore by Young Taik Hong
- Soonyong So*Soonyong So*Email: [email protected]Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South KoreaMore by Soonyong So
Abstract
We report a facile method for the nitrogen-doping process using the same precursor material for graphite felt electrodes, polyacrylonitrile (PAN). To utilize the nitrogen content in PAN, two steps of thermal treatment of PAN-coated graphite felts are performed; a PAN solution is coated on a graphite felt, and the sample is oxidized at 280 °C under the ambient atmosphere and carbonized at 900 °C under N2, consecutively. Through the two-step pyrolysis, nitrogen is successfully doped on the graphite felts, and the concentration of PAN solution is controlled to enhance the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). With 4 wt % of PAN coating solution, the electrode electrocatalytic activity is enhanced compared to that of a conventional electrode, and the voltage efficiency increases, resulting in higher energy efficiency under the various current densities. Especially at high current densities above 100 mA/cm2, the optimized nitrogen-doped electrode shows about 5% higher voltage and energy efficiencies and a higher long-term stability in terms of efficiencies and capacity retention. This nitrogen-doping process with the same precursor for the electrode offers potential for employing nitrogen-doping on the conventional electrode materials in an inexpensive way.
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