Different Hydrocarbon Types in Jet Fuel as Determined by GCxGC/FID - An Alternative Method to D2425Click to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- K. Elias Ikonen*K. Elias Ikonen*Tel.: +358504583180. E-mail: [email protected]Neste Oyj, Teknologiantie 36, 06850 Kulloo, FinlandMore by K. Elias Ikonen
- Wanru LiWanru LiDepartment of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United StatesMore by Wanru Li
- Anne Ruonakangas
- Gozdem KilazGozdem KilazSchool of Engineering Technology, Fuel Laboratory of Renewable Energy (FLORE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United StatesMore by Gozdem Kilaz
- Hilkka I. KenttämaaHilkka I. KenttämaaDepartment of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United StatesMore by Hilkka I. Kenttämaa
Abstract

The ASTM D2425 Standard Test Method for the determination of different hydrocarbon types in middle distillates by using mass spectrometry is a required test for the certification of various sustainable (not petroleum derived) aviation fuels according to ASTM D7566. However, recent studies show that the D2425 method updated in 2019 does not provide accurate results for a synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) made from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA). A promising alternative to the D2425 method for the analysis of different hydrocarbon types in both conventional jet fuel (Jet A-1) and SPK-HEFA type sustainable aviation fuel is presented here. The new method is based on GCxGC/FID technology. The performance of the new method is demonstrated by a validation study, which suggests that the GCxGC/FID method is rugged and selective, and it can be used to accurately quantify 12 different hydrocarbon types with a wide content range in both conventional Jet A-1 and SPK-HEFA type sustainable aviation fuel samples.
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This article is cited by 5 publications.
- Jacob D. Guthrie, Caroline Rowell, Sarah E. Nowling, Ying-jou Lee, Ryan J. Chen, Charles B. Meier, Gozdem Kilaz, Michael E. Peretich, Hilkka I. Kenttämaa. Molecular Characterization of Hydrocarbons in Aviation Fuels via Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Methane Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Energy & Fuels 2025, 39
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, 6319-6331. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00229
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- K. Elias Ikonen, Lauren Blaudeau, Wanru Li, Gozdem Kilaz, Hilkka I. Kenttämaa. Comparison of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionization Detector and D2425 Methods in the Analysis of Different Hydrocarbon Types in Jet Fuel. Energy & Fuels 2024, 38
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, 9804-9813. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c00678
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https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202300816
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