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Zero Liquid Discharge of Ultrahigh-Salinity Brines with Temperature Swing Solvent Extraction

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    Treatment and Resource Recovery

    Zero Liquid Discharge of Ultrahigh-Salinity Brines with Temperature Swing Solvent Extraction
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    • Chanhee Boo
      Chanhee Boo
      Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      More by Chanhee Boo
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-9963
    • Ian H. Billinge
      Ian H. Billinge
      Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      More by Ian H. Billinge
    • Xi Chen
      Xi Chen
      Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      More by Xi Chen
    • Kinnari M. Shah
      Kinnari M. Shah
      Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      More by Kinnari M. Shah
    • Ngai Yin Yip*
      Ngai Yin Yip
      Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      Columbia Water Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027-6623, United States
      *Email: [email protected]. Tel: +1 (212) 854-2984.
      More by Ngai Yin Yip
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-4189
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 14, 9124–9131
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02555
    Published June 23, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of hypersaline brines is technically and energetically challenging. This study demonstrates ZLD of ultrahigh-salinity brines using temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE), a membrane-less and nonevaporative desalination technology. TSSE utilizes a low-polarity solvent to extract water from brine and then releases the water as a product with the application of low-temperature heat. Complete extraction of water from a hypersaline feed, simulated by 5.0 M NaCl solution (≈292 g/L TDS), was achieved using diisopropylamine solvent. Practically all of the salt is precipitated as mineral solid waste and the product water contains <5% of NaCl relative to the hypersaline feed brine. Consistent ZLD performance of high salt removals and product water quality was maintained in three repeated semibatch TSSE cycles, highlighting recyclability of the solvent. The practical applicability of the technique for actual field samples was demonstrated by ZLD of an irrigation drainage water concentrate. This study establishes the potential of TSSE as a more sustainable alternative to current thermal evaporation methods for zero liquid discharge of ultrahigh-salinity brines.

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    • Details on the assessment of energy consumption and calculation of theoretical minimum energy for ZLD; solution properties of the actual RO concentrate (Table S1); water content in the DIPA solvent (Figure S1); specific heat energy to treat hypersaline feed by TSSE-ZLD (Figure S2) (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 65 publications.

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    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 14, 9124–9131
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02555
    Published June 23, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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