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Life Cycle Analysis of Electrofuels: Fischer–Tropsch Fuel Production from Hydrogen and Corn Ethanol Byproduct CO2
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    Energy and Climate

    Life Cycle Analysis of Electrofuels: Fischer–Tropsch Fuel Production from Hydrogen and Corn Ethanol Byproduct CO2
    Click to copy article linkArticle link copied!

    • Guiyan Zang*
      Guiyan Zang
      Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
      *Email: [email protected]. Tel: +01 (319) 359-9625.
      More by Guiyan Zang
    • Pingping Sun
      Pingping Sun
      Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
      More by Pingping Sun
    • Amgad Elgowainy
      Amgad Elgowainy
      Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
    • Adarsh Bafana
      Adarsh Bafana
      Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
    • Michael Wang
      Michael Wang
      Systems Assessment Center, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
      More by Michael Wang
    Other Access OptionsSupporting Information (1)

    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 6, 3888–3897
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05893
    Published March 4, 2021
    Copyright © 2021 UChicago Argonne, LLC. Operator of Argonne national laboratory. Published by American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Electrofuels from renewable H2 and waste CO2 streams are of increasing interest because of their CO2 emissions reduction potentials compared to fossil counterparts. This study evaluated the well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Fischer–Tropsch (FT) fuels from various electrolytic H2 pathways and CO2 sources, using various process designs (i.e., with and without H2 recycle) and system boundaries. Two systems with different boundaries were considered: a stand-alone plant (with CO2 from any source) and an integrated plant with corn ethanol production (supplying CO2). The FT fuel synthesis process was modeled using Aspen Plus, which showed that 45% of the carbon in CO2 can be fixed in the FT fuel, with a fuel production energy efficiency of 58%. Using nuclear or solar/wind electricity, the stand-alone FT fuel production from various plant designs can reduce WTW GHG emissions by 90–108%, relative to petroleum fuels. When integrating the FT fuel production process with corn ethanol production, the WTW GHG emissions of FT fuels are 57–65% lower compared to petroleum counterparts. This study highlights the sensitivity of the carbon intensity of FT fuels to the system boundary selection (i.e., stand-alone vs integrated), which has different implications under various GHG emission credit frameworks.

    Copyright © 2021 UChicago Argonne, LLC. Operator of Argonne national laboratory. Published by American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c05893.

    • Additional details on system options description; Aspen model flowchart of FT fuel production from H2 and CO2; Aspen simulation assumptions; life cycle analysis assumptions; mass balance and carbon balance of stand-alone system; energy efficiencies of integrated systems; and LCA sensitivity analysis (PDF)

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    Cited By

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    This article is cited by 38 publications.

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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 6, 3888–3897
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05893
    Published March 4, 2021
    Copyright © 2021 UChicago Argonne, LLC. Operator of Argonne national laboratory. Published by American Chemical Society

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