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    Emissions of Glyoxal and Other Carbonyl Compounds from Agricultural Biomass Burning Plumes Sampled by Aircraft
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    † Chemical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
    ‡ Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
    Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
    § Atmospheric Chemistry & Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
    ∥ Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
    ⊥ Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
    *S. S. Brown. Email: [email protected], Phone: 303 497 6306, Fax: 303 497 5126.
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51, 20, 11761–11770
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03517
    Published October 4, 2017
    Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    We report enhancements of glyoxal and methylglyoxal relative to carbon monoxide and formaldehyde in agricultural biomass burning plumes intercepted by the NOAA WP-3D aircraft during the 2013 Southeast Nexus and 2015 Shale Oil and Natural Gas Nexus campaigns. Glyoxal and methylglyoxal were measured using broadband cavity enhanced spectroscopy, which for glyoxal provides a highly selective and sensitive measurement. While enhancement ratios of other species such as methane and formaldehyde were consistent with previous measurements, glyoxal enhancements relative to carbon monoxide averaged 0.0016 ± 0.0009, a factor of 4 lower than values used in global models. Glyoxal enhancements relative to formaldehyde were 30 times lower than previously reported, averaging 0.038 ± 0.02. Several glyoxal loss processes such as photolysis, reactions with hydroxyl radicals, and aerosol uptake were found to be insufficient to explain the lower measured values of glyoxal relative to other biomass burning trace gases, indicating that glyoxal emissions from agricultural biomass burning may be significantly overestimated. Methylglyoxal enhancements were three to six times higher than reported in other recent studies, but spectral interferences from other substituted dicarbyonyls introduce an estimated correction factor of 2 and at least a 25% uncertainty, such that accurate measurements of the enhancements are difficult.

    Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03517.

    • Example fits; NEMRs and literature emission ratios for other species; CHOCHO NEMRs as a function of MCE; absorption cross sections for several substituted bicarbonyls; tables with details on the plume intercepts, including retrieved CHOCHO NEMRs (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 42 publications.

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    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51, 20, 11761–11770
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03517
    Published October 4, 2017
    Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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