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    Policy Analysis

    Understanding Excess Emissions from Industrial Facilities: Evidence from Texas
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    • Nikolaos Zirogiannis*
      Nikolaos Zirogiannis
      School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, Unites States
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: 812-856-8323.
      More by Nikolaos Zirogiannis
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-8897
    • Alex J. Hollingsworth
      Alex J. Hollingsworth
      School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, Unites States
      More by Alex J. Hollingsworth
    • David M. Konisky
      David M. Konisky
      School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, Unites States
      More by David M. Konisky
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 52, 5, 2482–2490
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04887
    Published January 27, 2018
    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    We analyze excess emissions from industrial facilities in Texas using data from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. Emissions are characterized as excess if they are beyond a facility’s permitted levels and if they occur during startups, shutdowns, or malfunctions. We provide summary data on both the pollutants most often emitted as excess emissions and the industrial sectors and facilities responsible for those emissions. Excess emissions often represent a substantial share of a facility’s routine (or permitted) emissions. We find that while excess emissions events are frequent, the majority of excess emissions are emitted by the largest events. That is, the sum of emissions in the 96–100th percentile is often several orders of magnitude larger than the remaining excess emissions (i.e., the sum of emissions below the 95th percentile). Thus, the majority of events emit a small amount of pollution relative to the total amount emitted. In addition, a small group of high emitting facilities in the most polluting industrial sectors are responsible for the vast majority of excess emissions. Using an integrated assessment model, we estimate that the health damages in Texas from excess emissions are approximately $150 million annually.

    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04887.

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    This article is cited by 19 publications.

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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 52, 5, 2482–2490
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04887
    Published January 27, 2018
    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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