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Long-Term Fuel-Specific NOx and Particle Emission Trends for In-Use Heavy-Duty Vehicles in California

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    Long-Term Fuel-Specific NOx and Particle Emission Trends for In-Use Heavy-Duty Vehicles in California
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 52, 10, 6070–6076
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00621
    Published April 25, 2018
    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Two California heavy-duty fleets have been measured in 2013, 2015, and 2017 using the On-Road Heavy-Duty Measurement System. The Port of Los Angeles drayage fleet has increased in age by 3.3 model years (4.2–7.5 years old) since 2013, with little fleet turnover. Large increases in fuel-specific particle emissions (PM) observed in 2015 were reversed in 2017, returning to near 2013 levels, suggesting repairs and or removal of high emitting vehicles. Fuel-specific oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions of this fleet have increased, and NOx after-treatment systems do not appear to perform ideally in this setting. At the Cottonwood weigh station in northern California, the fleet age has declined (7.8 to 6 years old) since 2013 due to fleet turnover, significantly lowering the average fuel-specific emissions for PM (−87%), black carbon (−76%), and particle number (−64%). Installations of retrofit-diesel particulate filters in model year 2007 and older vehicles have further decreased particle emissions. Cottonwood fleet fuel-specific NOx emissions have decreased slightly (−8%) during this period; however, newer technology vehicles with selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR) promise an additional factor of 4–5 further reductions in the long-haul fleet emissions as California transitions to an all SCR-equipped fleet.

    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00621.

    • Data from 2013, 2015, and 2017 for Port of Los Angeles and Cottonwood (gNOx/kg of fuel), fuel emissions percentage contributions data, gPM/kg of fuel by chassis model year for both sites, contributions of each HDV measurement responsible for corresponding total PM at Port of Los Angeles for 2013, 2015, and 2017 (PDF)

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    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2018, 52, 10, 6070–6076
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00621
    Published April 25, 2018
    Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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